Comparative toxicity and of alternative antifouling biocides on embryos larvae of marine invertebrates
Comparative toxicity and of alternative antifouling biocides on embryos larvae of marine invertebrates
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DOI：
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2006.01.028
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发表时间：
2006-08-31
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
Bellas, Juan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bellas, Juan
这项研究评估了常用的“助推器”杀虫剂（百菌清，海九211，flatlofluanid，tolylfluanid和Irgarol 1051）对商业和生态相关的海洋无脊椎动物的早期发育阶段的影响。用紫贻贝、青海胆和海鞘的胚胎和幼体进行了毒性试验。毒性以EC 50（半数有效浓度）和EC 10分别降低胚胎发生成功率、幼虫生长和幼虫定居50%和10%的方式进行量化。百菌清的EC 10和EC 50范围为2 - 108和25 - 159 nM; Sea-Nine 211的值为6-204和38-372 nM;氟啶虫胺的有效浓度为95-830和244-4311 nM;甲苯氟啶虫胺的值为99-631和213-2839 nM; Irgarol 1051是毒性最小的化合物，其值为3145至> 25 600和6076至> 25 600 nM。这些杀生物剂对紫贻贝、青鱼和白鲳的胚胎和幼虫的毒性按从高到低的顺序排列：百菌清> Sea-Nine 211 >甲氟虫胺=甲氟虫胺> Irgarol 1051。将登记的有效浓度与文献中报告的最差情况环境浓度进行比较，以评估这些杀生物剂对这些无脊椎动物物种构成的风险。我们的数据支持，百菌清，海九211和graphilofluanid预测水平在码头代表一个威胁，以地中海，P lividus，和C. p.种群，而Irgarol 1051在最坏情况下的环境浓度在这里测试的生物反应没有显示出毒性作用。(c)2006 Elsevier B. V.保留所有权利。
This study evaluates the impact of commonly used "booster" biocides (chlorothalonil, Sea-Nine 211, dichlofluanid, tolylfluanid and Irgarol 1051) on early developmental stages of marine invertebrates of commercial and ecological relevance. Toxicity tests were conducted with embryos and larvae of the bivalve Mytilus edulis, the sea-urchin Paracentrotus lividus and the ascidian Ciona intestinalis. Toxicity was quantified in terms of the EC50 (median effective concentration) and EC10 reducing embryogenesis success, larval growth and larval settlement by 50% and 10% respectively. The EC10 and EC50 for chlorothalonil ranged from 2 to 108 and from 25 to 159 nM; for Sea-Nine 211 values were 6-204 and 38-372 nM; for dichlofluanid effective concentrations were 95-830 and 244-4311 nM; tolylfluanid yielded values between 99-631 and 213-2839 nM; and Irgarol 1051 was the least toxic compound showing values from 3145 to > 25 600 and from 6076 to > 25 600 nM. Those biocides may be ranked in the following order from highest to lowest toxicity to embryos and larvae of M edulis, P lividus and C intestinalis: chlorothalonil > Sea-Nine 211 > dichlofluanid=tolylfluanid > Irgarol 1051. The registered effective concentrations were compared to worst-case environmental concentrations reported in literature in order to evaluate the risk posed by these biocides to those invertebrate species. Our data support that chlorothalonil, Sea-Nine 211 and dichlofluanid predicted levels in marinas represent a threat to M edulis, P lividus, and C intestinalis populations, whilst Irgarol 1051 showed no toxic effects on the biological responses tested here at worst-case environmental concentrations. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.