Simulation scenarios of spatio-temporal arrangement of crops at the landscape scale
Simulation scenarios of spatio-temporal arrangement of crops at the landscape scale
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景观尺度下农作物时空排列的模拟场景
DOI：
10.1016/j.envsoft.2010.04.006
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发表时间：
2010
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
J. Perry
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Castellazzi;J. Matthews;F. Angevin;C. Sausse;G. A. Wood;P. Burgess;I. Brown;K. F. Conrad;J. Perry
农作物的时空分布是乡村景观的显著特征。它已被确定为许多环境问题的一个重要因素，如转基因作物和非转基因作物的共存，以及减轻土壤侵蚀。本文探讨了一种基于ECOMO的方法，快速生成和筛选作物分配，满足用户的限制，而不需要机械建模。LandSFETH（Landscape Scale Functional Allocation of Crops Temporally and Spatially）是一个专门设计用于模拟这种作物布局场景的软件应用程序，同时确保初始约束的空间和时间一致性。该软件采用经验方法，使用随机过程（马尔可夫链）和基于规则的约束，在一系列年份内将作物分配到田地（矢量格式的多边形）。作物轮作表示的转移概率补充其他时间约束，如重现期或禁止序列。对作物安排的进一步空间和时间限制可以通过间隔距离、年度比例和应用统计检验来应用。该软件输出一个作物分配解决方案，每个田地每年都有一个作物，尊重所有用户定义的限制;然后可以通过多个模型运行探索潜在的解决方案范围。基于从初始约束获得这样的分配的困难度，也生成了初始约束。本文提供了一个案例研究，展示了在景观尺度上探索转基因作物共存的农艺和环境综合标准的使用。
The spatial and temporal arrangement of crops is a conspicuous feature of rural landscapes. It has been identified as an important factor in many environmental issues, such as the coexistence of genetically modified (GM) and non-GM crops, and the mitigation of soil erosion. This paper examines a scenario-based approach for rapid generation and screening of crop allocations that meet user’s constraints without requiring mechanistic modelling. LandSFACTS (Landscape Scale Functional Allocation of Crops Temporally and Spatially) is a software application specifically designed to simulate such crop arrangement scenarios, whilst ensuring both spatial and temporal coherence with regard to the initial constraints. The software uses an empirical approach to allocate crops to fields (polygons in vector format) over a sequence of years, using a stochastic process (Markov chains) and rule-based constraints. Crop rotations are represented by transition probabilities complemented by other temporal constraints such as return period or prohibited sequences. Further spatial and temporal constraints on crop arrangement can be applied through separation distances, yearly proportions, and the application of statistical tests. The software outputs a crop allocation solution with a crop for every field for every year, respecting all user-defined constraints; the range of potential solutions can then be explored through multiple model runs. Metrics based upon the difficulty of obtaining such an allocation from the initial constraints are also generated. A case study is provided to demonstrate the use of combined agronomic and environmental criteria for exploring GM crop coexistence at the landscape scale.