Somatolactin selectively regulates proliferation and morphogenesis of neural-crest derived pigment cells in medaka
Somatolactin selectively regulates proliferation and morphogenesis of neural-crest derived pigment cells in medaka
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0401278101
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发表时间：
2004-07-20
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Shima, A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Fukamachi, S;Sugimoto, M;Shima, A
动物身体表面的物种特异性颜色和图案主要由皮肤中的神经嵴来源的色素细胞（色素细胞）决定。然而，即使是密切相关的物种也显示出广泛不同的模式。这些色素细胞的对比方面（即，物种内部的固定发育控制和物种之间的极端多样性）似乎是理解生物进化和多样性的一个好奇和合适的主题。在这里，我们确定了一个基因负责青鳉“颜色干扰”突变体的位置克隆。这些突变体没有表现出任何明显的形态和生理缺陷以外的色素细胞增殖和形态发生的缺陷。该突变已被鉴定为生长抑素中的11个碱基缺失，其导致蛋白质的230个氨基酸的C末端上游91个氨基酸的截短。在形态学上，体色对不同背景的适应过程中，体细胞肌动蛋白的转录发生了显著的变化。这一遗传学证据解释了生长激素的功能。研究这种突变体将提供进一步的见解色素细胞的发展和调节和线索，重新评估其他鱼类的生长抑素的其他功能。
Species-specific colors and patterns on animal body surfaces are determined primarily by neural-crest-derived pigment cells in the skin (chromatophores). However, even closely related species display widely differing patterns. These contrasting aspects of chromatophores (i.e., the fixed developmental control within species and extreme diversity among species) seem to be a curious and suitable subject for understanding evolution and diversity of organisms. Here we identify a gene responsible for medaka "color interfere" mutants by positional cloning. These mutants do not show any obvious morphological and physiological defects other than defects in chromatophore proliferation and morphogenesis. The mutation has been identified as an 11-base deletion in somatolactin, which causes truncation 91 aa upstream of the C terminus of the protein's 230 aa. Somatolactin transcription changed dramatically during morphological body color adaptation to different backgrounds. This genetic evidence explains somatolactin function. Studying this mutant will provide further insights into the development and regulation of chromatophores and clues for reassessing other functions of somatolactin suggested in other fish.