Fine‐scale genetic structure analyses reveal dispersal patterns in a critically endangered primate, Trachypithecus leucocephalus
Fine‐scale genetic structure analyses reveal dispersal patterns in a critically endangered primate, Trachypithecus leucocephalus
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DOI：
10.1002/ajp.22635
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发表时间：
2017-05
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Weiran Wang;Meng Yao
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Weiran Wang;Meng Yao
扩散是社会有机体极其重要的生活史特征，对种群遗传结构和群体内的社会关系产生重大影响。灵长类动物表现出高度多样化的传播和传播模式，但对这些模式的了解很难获得，并且通常仅限于对少数焦点社会群体或个人的观察。在这里，我们利用分子方法和精细地理尺度上的性别特异性种群遗传结构分析，研究了极度濒危的疣猴——白头叶猴（Trachypithecus leucocephalus）的扩散模式。我们以非侵入性方式收集了中国广西省西南部扶绥市和崇左市 90% 叶猴分布范围内 41 个社会群体的 403 份粪便样本。我们通过对 15 个多态性常染色体微卫星位点（一种性别特异性标记）进行基因分型，并对线粒体 DNA (mtDNA) 高变区 I (HVRI) 进行测序，从样本中鉴定出了 214 个独特的个体。我们发现两个群体中男性和女性的群体内遗传相关性高于群体间遗传相关性。在 FS 群体的女性中检测到遗传距离和地理距离之间存在显着的正相关，即一种距离隔离模式，但在男性中则没有。空间自相关分析显示，性别和人群均具有较高的组内相关性，并且 FS 人群中的女性在 0.5 公里距离级别上还存在额外的正相关性。此外，我们使用基因分配测试推断了第一代移民。我们的结果表明，雄性T. leucocephalus在栖息地范围内以随机距离分散，而雌性的分散可能主要发生在其家园附近的相邻群体中。我们的研究为T. leucocephalus的性别偏见传播提供了第一个遗传证据，这对该物种具有重要的管理和保护意义。
Dispersal is a critically important life history trait of social organisms that has a major impact on the population genetic structure and social relationships within groups. Primates exhibit highly diversified dispersal and philopatry patterns, but knowledge of these patterns is difficult to obtain and usually limited to observations of a small number of focal social groups or individuals. Here, we investigated the dispersal pattern of a critically endangered colobine monkey, the white‐headed langur (Trachypithecus leucocephalus), using molecular approaches, and sex‐specific population genetic structure analyses at fine geographical scales. We non‐invasively collected 403 fecal samples from 41 social groups across 90% of the langur's range in Fusui (FS) and Chongzuo (CZ) in southwestern Guangxi Province, China. We identified 214 unique individuals from the samples by genotyping 15 polymorphic autosomal microsatellite loci, a sex‐specific marker, and sequencing the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) hypervariable region I (HVRI). We found higher intragroup than intergroup genetic relatedness in males and females in both populations. A significant positive correlation between genetic distance and geographical distance, that is a pattern of isolation‐by‐distance, was detected in females from the FS population, but not in males. Spatial autocorrelation analyses revealed high within‐group relatedness in both sexes and populations, as well as an additional positive correlation at the 0.5‐km distance class in females from the FS population. Furthermore, we inferred first‐generation migrants using genetic assignment tests. Our results suggest that male T. leucocephalus disperse at random distances within habitat areas, whereas dispersal of females may mainly occur among adjacent groups near their home site. Our study provides the first genetic evidence for sex‐biased dispersal in T. leucocephalus, which has important management and conservation implications for the species.