Adverse conditions at the workplace are associated with increased suicide risk
Adverse conditions at the workplace are associated with increased suicide risk
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jpsychires.2014.06.007
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发表时间：
2014-10-01
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Ladwig, Karl-Heinz
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Baumert, Jens;Schneider, Barbara;Ladwig, Karl-Heinz
目的：探讨消极工作环境对被试的潜在危害。主要目的是评估不利的工作条件和工作压力是否与自杀死亡率的增加有关。方法：研究人群包括6817名来自德国奥格斯堡MONICA/KORA的参与者，于1984-1995年进行调查，采用基线检查，平均随访12.6年。不良工作条件通过一个包含16个项目的工具来评估，这些项目涉及工作场所的时间生物学、身体和心理社会条件，工作压力根据卡拉塞克的定义进行评估。自杀风险通过调整自杀相关危险因素的Cox回归估计。结果：随访共观察到28例自杀病例。与年龄、性别和调查调整后的低/中等水平的模型相比，高水平的时间生物学/物理工作条件逆境显著增加了自杀死亡率的风险（HR 3.28, 95% CI 1.43-7.54） （p值0.005）。独居、低教育水平、吸烟、高酒精消费、肥胖和抑郁情绪的额外调整使这种影响减弱（HR 2.73），但仍具有显著性（p值0.022）。相反，不良的社会心理工作条件和工作压力对随后的自杀死亡风险没有影响（p值> 0.200）。结论：即使在控制了相关的自杀相关风险因素之后，与工作场所的时间生物学或身体状况有关的消极工作环境对自杀死亡风险也有不利影响。旨在改善工作场所条件的雇主干预措施可被视为防止雇员自杀的适当手段。(C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd.版权所有。
Objective: The present study addressed potential harms of a negative working environment for employed subjects. The main aim was to evaluate if adverse working conditions and job strain are related to an increase in suicide mortality.Methods: The study population consisted of 6817 participants drawn from the MONICA/KORA Augsburg, Germany, surveys conducted in 1984-1995, being employed at baseline examination and followed up on average for 12.6 years. Adverse working conditions were assessed by an instrument of 16 items about chronobiological, physical and psychosocial conditions at the workplace, job strain was assessed as defined by Karasek. Suicide risks were estimated by Cox regression adjusted for suicide-related risk factors.Results: A number of 28 suicide cases were observed within follow-up. High levels of adversity in chronobiological/physical working conditions significantly increased the risk for suicide mortality (HR 3.28, 95% CI 1.43-7.54) compared to low/intermediate levels in a model adjusted for age, sex and survey (p value 0.005). Additional adjustment for living alone, low educational level, smoking, high alcohol consumption, obesity and depressed mood attenuated this effect (HR 2.73) but significance remained (p value 0.022). Adverse psychosocial working conditions and job strain, in contrast, had no impact on subsequent suicide mortality risk (p values > 0.200).Conclusions: A negative working environment concerning chronobiological or physical conditions at the workplace had an unfavourable impact on suicide mortality risk, even after controlling for relevant suicide-related risk factors. Employer interventions aimed to improve workplace conditions might be considered as a suitable means to prevent suicides among employees. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.