The earliest evidence of hominid settlement in China: Combined electron spin resonance and uranium series (ESR/U-series) dating of mammalian fossil teeth from Longgupo cave
The earliest evidence of hominid settlement in China: Combined electron spin resonance and uranium series (ESR/U-series) dating of mammalian fossil teeth from Longgupo cave
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中国最早的原始人类定居证据：龙骨坡洞哺乳动物牙齿化石的电子自旋共振和铀系列（ESR/U系列）联合测年
DOI：
10.1016/j.quaint.2015.02.025
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发表时间：
2017-04-01
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Yin, Gongming
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Han, Fei;Bahain, Jean-Jacques;Yin, Gongming
龙骨坡洞位于中国重庆市，发现于1984年。出土了16颗巨猿牙齿和2个人科化石，并发现了大量的哺乳动物化石和石器。由于沉积历史的复杂性，以往的测年结果受到质疑。本研究采用ESR和U系列相结合的方法，对2003-2006年中法联合发掘的C II和C III（C III '）单元不同层位的17个哺乳动物牙齿化石进行了分析，并采用US-ESR模型进行了计算。2012年重新详细测量了现场剂量率，以完善外部剂量率的确定。铀系分析表明，没有发生明显的铀浸出，所有的牙齿经历了一个非常近期的铀吸收的历史，除了一个从C III 3层的南墙。US-ESR结果表明，北壁C Ⅲ '单元10颗牙齿的年龄基本一致，约为2.35Ma。7个样品的年龄与地层顺序不一致，其中3个牙齿的年龄比其他4个牙齿的年龄小，这可能是由于牙齿组织中铀浓度和U/Th比值相对较高以及原位γ剂量率显著较高所致。然而，南壁C III的三颗牙齿给出的平均年龄为-2.48Ma。结合古生物学证据和新的古地磁结果，将龙骨坡的化石时代确定为早更新世初期。与其他早期人类定居点相比，龙骨坡是迄今为止中国和东亚地区人类定居的最早证据之一。(C)2015 Elsevier Ltd和INQUA。All rights reserved.
Longgupo cave, located in Chongqing Municipality, China, was discovered in 1984. Sixteen Gigantopithecus teeth and two hominid fossils accompanied with abundant mammalian fossils and stone artifacts were unearthed from the site. Previous dating result is questioned because of the complexity of deposition history. In this study, seventeen mammalian fossil teeth collected from different layers of unit C II and C III (C III') during the 2003-2006 Sino-Franco joint excavation were analyzed by combined ESR and U-series methods, and calculated with a US-ESR model. In situ dose rates were remeasured in detail in 2012, in order to refine the external dose rate determination. Uranium-series analyses indicate that no obvious uranium leaching has occurred, and all the teeth underwent a very recent uranium uptake history, except one from layer C III 3 of the south wall. The US-ESR results show that the ages of ten teeth from unit C III' of the north wall are consistent in general, about 2.35 Ma. The ages of seven samples from south wall are not in accordance with the stratigraphic order: three teeth are much younger than the other four, probably attributed to the relative higher uranium concentration and U/Th ratio in the dental tissues and significant higher in situ gamma dose rate. Nevertheless, the three teeth from C III of the south wall give an average age of - 2.48 Ma. The fossil ages obtained in this work combined with paleontological evidence and new paleomagnetic results place Longgupo at the very beginning of the Early Pleistocene. Compared with other early hominid settlements, Longgupo is one of the earliest evidences of hominid settlement in China and East Asia to date. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd and INQUA. All rights reserved.