Caregivers of Alzheimer's patients and factors influencing institutionalization of loved ones: some considerations on existing literature.
Caregivers of Alzheimer's patients and factors influencing institutionalization of loved ones: some considerations on existing literature.
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DOI：
10.7416/ai.2013.1926
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发表时间：
2013-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Varela, G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Sansoni, J;Anderson, K H;Varela, G
背景：在我们的后工业社会中，非正式的照顾或看护是非常普遍的。护理负担随着患者认知功能障碍的加重而增加，是影响其机构化的因素之一。阿尔茨海默病（AD）是一种慢性和恶化的痴呆症。这种神经精神疾病的症状通常在60岁后开始显现，目前有890万家庭护理人员为患有AD或相关痴呆的人提供帮助。随着患者病情的恶化，由于照顾患者所带来的身体、心理和情绪压力，护理人员的负担也随之增加。方法：采用探索性方法在PubMed、谷歌Scholar、Science direct、CINAHL等电子数据库进行文献检索。纳入标准：1999-2011年间发表的英文和意大利语文章，涉及阿尔茨海默氏症的护理人员、负担、压力源和制度化。排除标准为未提及“照顾者”一词。检索到约100个题目，并对题目中含有关键词的30篇文章摘要进行了检索。在与研究目的相关的30篇文章中，最终选择了17篇文章纳入本文献综述。结果：结果显示，护理人员负担受患者行为和认知状况、护理时间、压力、社会隔离、性别、与患者的关系、支持资源的可得性和护理人员特征的影响。可用于评估和识别照顾者的风险因素和负担的评估工具在照顾者的健康和关于机构的决定方面都是有用的。结论：文献建议为医护人员提供信息，以减轻护理人员负担，支持护理人员的健康和福祉。应更多地使用可用于评估和识别照顾者的风险因素和负担的评估工具，以有助于减少照顾者的压力和机构化的影响。
BACKGROUND: Informal caring or caregiving is very common in our postindustrial society. Caregiving burden grows with the worsening of cognitive impairment of the patient and is one of the factors influencing institutionalization. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a type of dementia that is chronic and deteriorative. The symptoms of this neuropsychiatric disorder generally begin to manifest after the age of sixty and currently 8.9 million family caregivers provide assistance to someone with AD or a related dementia. As the patient's condition worsens, it increases the burden on the caregivers, due to the physical, psychological, and emotional stresses that result from caring for the patient.METHODS: A search of the literature was conducted on electronic database: PubMed, Google Scholar, Science direct, CINAHL in a exploratory way. Inclusion criteria were: articles in English and Italian published between 1999-2011 which mentioned Alzheimer's caregivers, burden, stressors, and institutionalization. The exclusion criterion was failure to mention the word "caregivers". About 100 titles were found and 30 articles abstracts with key words in the title were reviewed. Of the 30 articles selected for further review based on the relevance to the study purpose, 17 articles were finally selected for inclusion in this literature review.RESULTS: Results display that caregiver burden is influenced by patient behavioral and cognitive status, hours involved in care, stress, social isolation, gender, relationship to the patient, availability of support resources, and caregiver characteristics. Assessment tools available to assess and recognize risk factors and burden in caregivers are useful both in terms of caregivers health and decision on istitutionalization.CONCLUSION: Literature suggests to provide information for health care providers to reduce burden and support caregiver health and well-being. Assessment tools available to assess and recognize risk factors and burden in caregivers should be used more often to contribute to reducing caregiver stress and the impact of institutionalization.