Does believing in "use it or lose it" relate to self-rated memory control, strategy use, and recall?
Does believing in "use it or lose it" relate to self-rated memory control, strategy use, and recall?
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DOI：
10.2190/ag.70.1.c
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发表时间：
2010
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Jopp D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hertzog C;McGuire CL;Horhota M;Jopp D
在口头自由回忆任务之后，参与者接受了关于他们记忆的采访。尽管老年人和年轻人对记忆的个人控制程度相似，但他们认为记忆可以被控制的方式却不同。与年轻人相比，老年人更经常提到健康和保健实践以及锻炼记忆力，这与“使用它或失去它”的信念体系相一致，而年轻人更有可能提到元认知和灵活策略的使用作为记忆控制的手段。据报道，在一项自由回忆测试中，年轻人使用了更有效的关系策略。使用关系策略预测两个年龄组的回忆，但对表现的年龄差异没有实质性影响。元认知信念，包括关于衰老和记忆衰退的内隐理论、记忆自我概念和对记忆功能的感知控制，与策略使用或回忆没有系统的关联。
After an oral free recall task, participants were interviewed about their memory. Despite reporting similar levels of perceived personal control over memory, older and young adults differed in the means in which they believed memory could be controlled. Older adults cited health and wellness practices and exercising memory, consistent with a ‘use it or lose it’ belief system, more often than young adults who were more likely to mention metacognition and flexible strategy use as means of memory control. Young adults reported using more effective relational strategy use during study for a free recall test. Use of relational strategies predicted recall in both age groups, but did not materially affect age differences in performance. Metacognitive beliefs, including implicit theories about aging and memory decline, memory self-concept, and perceived control over memory functioning did not systematically correlate with strategy use or recall.