太湖渔业资源现状（2009-2010年）及与水体富营养化关系浅析
太湖渔业资源现状（2009-2010年）及与水体富营养化关系浅析
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DOI：
10.18307/2011.0621
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发表时间：
2011
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
毛志刚;谷孝鸿;曾庆飞;周露洪;孙明波
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
毛志刚;谷孝鸿;曾庆飞;周露洪;孙明波
根据2009 - 2010年太湖渔业资源的历史渔获量和鱼类群落调查资料，分析了太湖渔业资源的动态变化及其对水体富营养化的响应（隶属于10目14科37属），常见鱼类减少，鲤科鱼类成为主要鱼类群落，近年来渔业总产量迅速增加，太湖刀鱼等小型鱼类占渔获物的比例增加;但由于水体富营养化和渔业结构的不平衡，渔业小型化趋势更加明显，与太湖东部湖区、北方湖区和中部湖区的渔业资源相比，结果表明，太湖刀鱼已成为北方湖区和湖区的优势种，渔获量分别占湖区总渔获量的70.7%和80.4%，结果表明，太湖各湖区渔获物组成差异较大，但东部湖区肉食性鱼类和草食性鱼类所占比例较高，反映了环境因子对渔获物组成的影响。提出了加强渔业与水环境关系的研究，重视水生植物对渔业可持续发展的作用等对策。
Based on the historic data of fish catches and an investigation on fish assemblage from 2009 to 2010 in Lake Taihu,the dynamic variation of fishery resources and their responses to water eutrophication were analyzed.Results showed that only 47 species(belonging to 37 genera,14 families and 10 orders) were recorded in Lake Taihu,the common species of fish were decreased and the fishes of Cyprinidae became the major community.The total fishery yield in the lake had increased rapidly in recent years,and the percentage of small fishes,such as Coilia ectenes taihuensis,had increased in fish catches;however,the percentage of other large fishes,such as Culter alburnus,had decreased rapidly.Because of water eutrophication and imbalance of the fishery structure,the tendency of smaller-scale fishery was more obvious.Compared with fishery resources of the eastern lake area,northern lake area and center area of Lake Taihu,the results showed that Coilia ectenes taihuensis had become the dominant specie in the northern lake area and center area,with the percentage of its fish catches reaching 70.7% and 80.4%,respectively.But the percentage of carnivorous fishes and herbivorous fishes was relatively high in the eastern lake area.Such obvious differences among the compositions of catches in different lake regions reflected the influence of environmental factors on the compositions of fish catches.Based on the relationship between water eutrophication and fishery of Lake Taihu,some strategies were suggested,such as strengthening the studies on relation of fishery and water environment and paying attention to the effect of aquatic plants on sustainable development of fishery.