Controls on the spatial distribution of oceanic δ 13 C DIC
Controls on the spatial distribution of oceanic δ 13 C DIC
复制标题
海洋δ 13 C DIC空间分布的控制
DOI：
10.5194/bg-10-1815-2013
复制
发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
A. Ridgwell
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
P. Holden;N. Edwards;S. Müller;K. Oliver;R. Death;A. Ridgwell
我们描述了一个大型气候-碳循环耦合模拟集合的设计和评估，该模型采用中等复杂性的精灵地球系统模型。该集合被设计用于解决一系列碳循环问题，包括大气中第四纪晚期二氧化碳波动的原因。在这里，我们通过将其应用于最近工业时代(1858年至2008年)的瞬时实验来评估该组合。采用奇异向量分解和主成分模拟的方法研究了海洋溶解无机碳δ13C的系综变化的空间模式，同时考虑了工业前的旋转状态和瞬时变化。这些分析使我们能够区分δ13C DIC分布的自然(工业化前)和人为控制。我们应用相同的降维仿真技术来考虑人为DIC中空间不确定性的驱动因素。我们表明，与人为摄取δ、13C、DIC和DIC有关的不确定度来源是相当不同的。人为δ13C吸收的不确定性由海-气交换控制，这解释了模型方差的63%。这种模式的变异性很大程度上不存在于二氧化碳吸收的总体变异性中，这是由温跃层通风率的不确定性驱动的。尽管考虑海-气交换的必要性是众所周知的，但这些结果表明，海洋对13C和CO2的人为吸收的不确定性是由非常不同的过程控制的。这说明了从一个到另一个重建的困难，并进一步突出了需要仔细地以δ13C DIC和DIC观测为目标，以更好地限制人为二氧化碳的海洋汇。
We describe the design and evaluation of a large ensemble of coupled climate–carbon cycle simulations with the Earth system model of intermediate complexity GENIE. This ensemble has been designed for application to a range of carbon cycle questions, including the causes of late-Quaternary fluctuations in atmospheric CO 2 . Here we evaluate the ensemble by applying it to a transient experiment over the recent industrial era (1858 to 2008 AD). We employ singular vector decomposition and principal component emulation to investigate the spatial modes of ensemble variability of oceanic dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) δ 13 C, considering both the spun-up pre-industrial state and the transient change. These analyses allow us to separate the natural (pre-industrial) and anthropogenic controls on the δ 13 C DIC distribution. We apply the same dimensionally-reduced emulation techniques to consider the drivers of the spatial uncertainty in anthropogenic DIC. We show that the sources of uncertainty related to the uptake of anthropogenic δ 13 C DIC and DIC are quite distinct. Uncertainty in anthropogenic δ 13 C uptake is controlled by air–sea gas exchange, which explains 63% of modelled variance. This mode of variability is largely absent from the ensemble variability in CO 2 uptake, which is rather driven by uncertainties in thermocline ventilation rates. Although the need to account for air–sea gas exchange is well known, these results suggest that, to leading order, uncertainties in the ocean uptake of anthropogenic 13 C and CO 2 are governed by very different processes. This illustrates the difficulties in reconstructing one from the other, and furthermore highlights the need for careful targeting of both δ 13 C DIC and DIC observations to better constrain the ocean sink of anthropogenic CO 2 .
影响因子：
4.6
作者：
P. Holden;N. Edwards;K. Oliver;T. Lenton;R. Wilkinson
通讯作者：
P. Holden;N. Edwards;K. Oliver;T. Lenton;R. Wilkinson