Quantitative Trait Locus Analysis
Quantitative Trait Locus Analysis
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发表时间：
2000
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通讯作者：
J. Grisel
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作者：
J. Grisel
酒精中毒是一种数量失调，是由许多基因的综合影响引起的（即，数量性状基因座（QTL）和环境因素。为了确定酗酒的QTL，研究人员比较了受试者群体（例如，近交系小鼠品系），它们的遗传组成（即，基因型）和酒精相关性状（例如，对某些酒精的敏感性）。使用统计测试，然后可以确定特定的基因或DNA区域是否有助于感兴趣的性状。该策略要求相关基因存在于几个变体中（即，是多态的）。为了进行这样的QTL分析，研究人员要么研究大量基因型不同的小鼠，要么比较几个品系，每个品系都有固定的基因型。然而，QTL分析仍然存在一些局限性。尽管如此，这些研究已经确定了几个可能影响对酒精反应的DNA区域和基因，从而可能导致酗酒的风险。
Alcoholism is a quantitative disorder that is caused by the combined influences of numerous genes (i.e., quantitative trait loci [QTLs]) and environmental factors. To identify QTLs for alcoholism, researchers compare subject groups (e.g., inbred mouse strains) that differ in both their genetic makeup (i.e., genotype) and alcohol-related trait (e.g., sensitivity to certain alcohol effects). Using statistical tests one can then determine whether a specific gene or DNA region contributes to the trait of interest. This strategy requires that the relevant gene exists in several variants (i.e., is polymorphic). To conduct such QTL analyses, researchers study either a large population of mice that all differ in their genotypes or compare several strains, each of which has a fixed genotype. However, QTL analyses still have several limitations. Nevertheless, such studies already have identified several DNA regions and genes that may affect the response to alcohol and thus may contribute to the risk for alcoholism.