A Novel Approach to the Appraisal of Technological Risk: A Multicriteria Mapping Study of a Genetically Modified Crop
A Novel Approach to the Appraisal of Technological Risk: A Multicriteria Mapping Study of a Genetically Modified Crop
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技术风险评估的新方法：转基因作物的多标准绘图研究
DOI：
10.1068/c8s
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发表时间：
2001
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
S. Mayer
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
A. Stirling;S. Mayer
最近关于转基因食品的争论充分说明了在对技术风险进行社会评估时所遇到的普遍困难。现有的监管评估程序忽视了许多可能的影响形式，并经常排除重要的文化和社会层面的风险。一个狭隘的，专家，“基于科学”的方法现在被广泛认为是不够的。需要采取基础更广泛、透明、多元、愿意承认不确定性以及切实可行和有力的新办法。作者探讨了一种新的“多准则映射”（MCM）方法作为这样一种可能的工具的潜力。根据目前英国辩论中的各种观点，在这次MCM试点活动中探讨了一系列生产油菜的农业战略，包括转基因和非转基因选择。研究结果表明，这种方法具有普遍可行性和积极潜力，具体的研究结果为这一困难领域的决策提供了适度的见解。
The recent controversy over genetically modified (GM) foods amply demonstrates the general difficulties encountered in the social appraisal of technological risk. Existing procedures for regulatory appraisal neglect many possible forms of impact and routinely exclude important cultural and social dimensions of risk. A narrow, expert, ‘science-based’ approach is now widely acknowledged to be insufficient. There is a need for new approaches that are more broadly based, transparent, pluralistic and ready to acknowledge uncertainty as well as being practically feasible and robust. The authors investigate the potential for a novel ‘multicriteria mapping’ (MCM) method as one such possible tool. Drawing on a variety of perspectives in the current UK debate, a range of agricultural strategies for the production of oilseed rape, including both GM and non-GM options were explored in this MCM pilot exercise. The results demonstrate the general feasibility and positive potential of this type of approach, with specific findings providing modest insights for policymaking in this difficult area.