Niobium Compounds: Preparation, Characterization, and Application in Heterogeneous Catalysis
Niobium Compounds: Preparation, Characterization, and Application in Heterogeneous Catalysis
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DOI：
10.1002/chin.200006280
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发表时间：
2010-06
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
I. Nowak;M. Ziolek
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
I. Nowak;M. Ziolek
尽管人们对铌化合物在许多领域中的应用越来越感兴趣，但铌化学并不广为人知。铌材料目前在多相催化中引起极大兴趣，其中它们用作催化剂组分或以少量添加到催化剂中。在过去的十年中，对铌催化剂的日益关注导致了主要或专门致力于铌的化学和催化的国际会议。这些会议反过来又产生了田边在1990年1和田边和冈崎在1995年2的有趣的评论论文，主要描述了铌化合物的催化应用。本文综述了铌化合物的制备、结构、物理化学和催化性能及其应用。铌化合物的表征对于讨论它们的催化活性以及预测它们在各种反应中的活性和选择性是非常重要的。因此，铌，铌氧化物，磷酸盐，含铌分子筛（沸石，MCM-41型介孔材料，介孔氧化物），和其他铌化合物，如氮氧化物，碳化物，硫化物的表征涵盖在本文中。此外，一节专门介绍了这些化合物在多相催化中的应用。本综述主要基于1990年至今的文献。大约一半的纳入论文是在上次综述后发表的，2而其他许多论文未被纳入之前的综述文章。一、二
Niobium chemistry is not widely known despite increasing interest in the application of niobium compounds within many fields. Niobium materials are presently of great interest in heterogeneous catalysis where they are used as catalyst components or are added in small amounts to catalysts. The growing focus on niobium catalysts has led to international conferences devoted mainly or exclusively to the chemistry and catalysis of niobium within the past decade. These conferences in turn resulted in interesting review papers by Tanabe in 19901 and Tanabe and Okazaki in 19952 that primarily describe the catalytic application of niobium compounds. This review presents a broader view of niobium chemistry including many aspects of the preparation, structure, and physicochemical and catalytic properties of niobium compounds as well as their applications. The characterization of the niobium compounds is very important to the discussion of their catalytic activity and for the prediction of both their activity and selectivity in various reactions. Thus, the characterization of niobium, niobium oxides, phosphates, molecular sieves containing niobium (zeolites, mesoporous materials of MCM-41 type, mesoporous oxides), and other niobium compounds such as oxynitrides, carbides, and sulfides is covered in this paper. In addition, one section is devoted to the application of these compounds in heterogeneous catalysis. This review is based mainly on the literature from 1990 to the present. About half of the included papers were published after the last review, 2 while many others were not included in the previous review articles. 1, 2