Does Task Affordance Moderate Age-related Deficits in Strategy Production?
Does Task Affordance Moderate Age-related Deficits in Strategy Production?
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DOI：
10.1080/13825585.2010.481356
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发表时间：
2010-01-01
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Hertzog, Christopher
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bottiroli, Sara;Dunlosky, John;Hertzog, Christopher
根据任务可供性假说，人们更有可能使用特定的策略，因为任务更容易负担其使用。为了评估这一假设，我们研究了老年人和年轻人使用自我测试策略来学习项目的程度，因为之前的研究表明，使用这种强大策略的年龄相关差异因任务而异。这些任务（贴在黑板上的单词与抽认卡上的单词对）不同地提供了自我测试策略的使用，并可能减轻与年龄相关的策略使用的影响。参与者执行了回忆准备任务，其中他们继续学习项目，直到他们准备好进行标准测试。正如预测的那样，自测试在最不适合使用的任务上使用得较少。也就是说，参与者在研究贴在黑板上的单个单词时，比在学习抽认卡上的成对单词时使用的自我测试更少。最重要的是，前一项任务中与年龄相关的策略使用缺陷更大，而后一项任务则不存在，这表明任务可供性调节了策略使用中的年龄差异。
According to the task-affordance hypothesis, people will be more likely to use a specific strategy as tasks more readily afford its use. To evaluate this hypothesis, we examined the degree to which older and younger adults used a self-testing strategy to learn items, because previous studies suggest that age-related differences in the use of this powerful strategy vary across tasks. These tasks (words affixed to a board vs. pairs on flashcards) differentially afford the use of the self-testing strategy and may moderate the age-related effects on strategy use. Participants performed a recall-readiness task in which they continued to study items until they were ready for the criterion test. As predicted, self testing was used less often on tasks that least afforded its use. Namely, participants used self testing less when they studied single words affixed to a board than when they studied pairs on flashcards. Most important, age-related deficits in strategy use were greater for the former task and nonexistent for the latter one, suggesting that task affordance moderates age differences in strategy use.