A field‐based investigation to examine underwater soundscapes of five common river habitats
A field‐based investigation to examine underwater soundscapes of five common river habitats
复制标题
一项实地调查，检查五个常见河流栖息地的水下声景
DOI：
10.1002/hyp.7730
复制
发表时间：
2010
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
K. Tockner
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
D. Tonolla;V. Acuña;M. Lorang;K. Heutschi;K. Tockner
水生河流栖息地类型的特点和分类超过五十年的水文地貌和生态变量的基础上。然而，很少有研究认为水下声音的产生是水生生境的一个独特属性，因此是淡水生物的一个潜在信息来源。在这项研究中，对瑞士沿着12条河流的5种常见栖息地类型（每种栖息地类型重复6次）进行了声学比较。通过将两个平行的水听器浸没在水中来记录声信号，并通过计算10个倍频程频带（31·5 Hz-16 kHz）的能量平均值以及时间方差来分析声信号。同时，每个栖息地类型的特点是水力和地貌变量，分别。平均相对粗糙度，速度-深度比和弗劳德数解释了不同栖息地类型中产生的声学信号的大部分方差。平均相对粗糙度主要影响中频（63 Hz-1 kHz），而河床沉积物运输增加了高频声压级（2-16 kHz）以及记录信号的时间变化。每个水生栖息地类型表现出不同的声学签名或声景。这些音景可能是许多淡水生物了解河流环境的重要信息来源。版权所有© 2010约翰威利父子有限公司.
Aquatic river habitat types have been characterized and classified for over five decades based on hydrogeomorphic and ecological variables. However, few studies considered the generation of underwater sound as a unique property of aquatic habitats, and therefore as a potential information source for freshwater organisms. In this study, five common habitat types along 12 rivers in Switzerland (six replicates per habitat type) were acoustically compared. Acoustic signals were recorded by submerging two parallel hydrophones and were analysed by calculating the energetic mean as well as the temporal variance of ten octave bands (31·5 Hz–16 kHz). Concurrently, each habitat type was characterized by hydraulic and geomorphic variables, respectively. The average relative roughness, velocity‐to‐depth ratio, and Froude number explained most of the variance of the acoustic signals created in different habitat types. The average relative roughness predominantly affected middle frequencies (63 Hz–1 kHz), while streambed sediment transport increased high‐frequency sound pressure levels (2–16 kHz) as well as the temporal variability of the recorded signal. Each aquatic habitat type exhibited a distinct acoustic signature or soundscape. These soundscapes may be a crucial information source for many freshwater organisms about their riverine environment. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.