3-D Ionospheric Electron Density Variations during the 2017 Great American Solar Eclipse: A Revisit
3-D Ionospheric Electron Density Variations during the 2017 Great American Solar Eclipse: A Revisit
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2017年美国大日食期间的三维电离层电子密度变化：重新审视
DOI：
10.3390/atmos14091379
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发表时间：
2023-08
期刊：
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Ercha Aa;Shunrong Zhang;P. Erickson;Wenbin Wang;A. Coster
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ercha Aa;Shunrong Zhang;P. Erickson;Wenbin Wang;A. Coster
本文利用 Millstone Hill 不相干散射雷达观测数据、电离探空仪数据、Swarm 卫星测量数据以及基于 TEC 的新型电离层数据同化系统 (TIDAS)，研究了 2017 年 8 月美国大日食事件期间美国大陆及邻近地区的三维 (3-D) 电离层电子密度变化。 TIDAS数据同化系统可以重建美国大陆及邻近地区的3维电子密度分布，经纬度时空分辨率为1∘×1∘，海拔高度为20公里，世界时为5分钟。多仪器观测与高分辨率TIDAS数据同化产品相结合，可以很好地表征日食的动态3D电离层电子密度响应，提供重要的高度信息和精细细节。结果表明，日食引起的电离层电子密度损耗在200至300 km之间的F2层峰值高度附近可超过50%。最大耗尽后电子密度的恢复表现出与高度相关的特征，较低的高度比 F2 峰区域及以上区域表现出更快的恢复。恢复特征还包括食后电子密度增强 15-30%，这在海拔 300 公里以上的上部电离层中尤为突出。
This paper studies the three-dimensional (3-D) ionospheric electron density variation over the continental US and adjacent regions during the August 2017 Great American Solar Eclipse event, using Millstone Hill incoherent scatter radar observations, ionosonde data, the Swarm satellite measurements, and a new TEC-based ionospheric data assimilation system (TIDAS). The TIDAS data assimilation system can reconstruct a 3-D electron density distribution over continental US and adjacent regions, with a spatial–temporal resolution of 1∘× 1∘ in latitude and longitude, 20 km in altitude, and 5 min in universal time. The combination of multi-instrumental observations and the high-resolution TIDAS data assimilation products can well represent the dynamic 3-D ionospheric electron density response to the solar eclipse, providing important altitude information and fine-scale details. Results show that the eclipse-induced ionospheric electron density depletion can exceed 50% around the F2-layer peak height between 200 and 300 km. The recovery of electron density following the maximum depletion exhibits an altitude-dependent feature, with lower altitudes exhibiting a faster recovery than the F2 peak region and above. The recovery feature was also characterized by a post-eclipse electron density enhancement of 15–30%, which is particularly prominent in the topside ionosphere at altitudes above 300 km.