SEED LIMITATION AND THE DYNAMICS OF FERAL OILSEED RAPE ON THE M25 MOTORWAY
SEED LIMITATION AND THE DYNAMICS OF FERAL OILSEED RAPE ON THE M25 MOTORWAY
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DOI：
10.1098/rspb.1995.0008
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发表时间：
1995-01-23
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
BROWN, SL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
CRAWLEY, MJ;BROWN, SL
对M25高速公路两侧3658个样方（每个样方100 m）的野生油菜种群进行了两年的研究。有大量的营业额在网站占用; 55%的样方有不同的人口密度在1994年比1993年; 53%的样方在1993年被占领的1994年当地灭绝;和20%的空样方在1993年被占领的油菜在1994年。在肯特的Erith，车道旁边的边缘承载着通往主要油菜籽压榨厂的交通，而对面的边缘承载着远离Erith的交通。出口和入口支路附近的平均强奸密度也高于高速公路交叉口之间的边缘部分，但密度并不受邻近田地中油菜作物或强奸志愿者的影响。油菜种群在高速公路边缘的明显持久性显然掩盖了补丁占用的大量营业额。在没有土壤扰动的情况下，快速的次生演替（主要是多年生牧草的生长）往往会导致当地在三年内灭绝。然而，如果土壤受到足够的干扰，油菜种群密度似乎是种子有限的，种子溢出可导致平均种群密度增加2至5倍。
Feral oilseed rape populations in 3658 quadrats (each of 100 m) on the verges of the M25 motorway were studied for two years. There was substantial turnover in site occupancy; 55 % of quadrats had a different population density in 1994 than in 1993; 53 % of the quadrats occupied in 1993 were locally extinct in 1994; and 20 % of the empty quadrats in 1993 were occupied by oilseed rape in 1994. Verges next to the carriageway carrying traffic towards the main rape seed crushing plant at Erith in Kent had significantly more plants than the opposite verge carrying traffic away from Erith. Mean rape densities were also higher in the vicinity of exit and entry slip roads than on sections of verge between motorway junctions, but densities were not affected by the presence of rape crops or rape volunteers in adjacent fields. The apparent permanence of oilseed rape populations on motorway verges clearly belies substantial turnover in patch occupancy. In the absence of soil disturbance, rapid secondary succession (principally the growth of perennial grasses) tends to lead to local extinction within three years. Given sufficient soil disturbance, however, rape population density appears to be seed limited, and seed spillage can cause a two- to fivefold increase in mean population density.