Impact of social environment on female chimpanzee reproductive cycles
Impact of social environment on female chimpanzee reproductive cycles
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DOI：
10.1016/j.yhbeh.2006.02.003
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发表时间：
2006-06-01
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Dittami, J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Machatschke, IH;Wallner, B;Dittami, J
众所周知，女性的社会性环境会影响卵巢功能。增加男性接触可以增强月经周期的规律性。相反，社会剥夺构成了一种压力，通常会改变周期性和生殖激素的分泌。本研究以圈养雌性黑猩猩为研究对象，研究了饲养条件、月经周期长度、第二性征表达的形态变化以及与卵泡和黄体功能相关的内分泌释放模式之间的可能交互作用。动物被安置在两年的时间里，无论是与雄性同种或单独饲养。采集了三个周期的血样，并记录了肛门肿胀变化以确定月经周期阶段。粪便采样技术被用来监测皮质醇作为压力负荷的衡量标准。男性的存在似乎影响了女性的周期性。与男性同住的雌性比单独居住的雌性有更短和更规则的周期。在特定的周期阶段，配对女性的催乳素、促性腺激素和雌二醇水平普遍较高。群体差异并不总是显著的。孕酮水平无明显差异。性同居的女性往往在最大肿胀前和最大肿胀后立即粪便皮质醇代谢物较低。我们认为，与雄性同种动物的行为、身体和嗅觉的密切接触可以作为一种调整剂，通过稳定雌性周期来调节卵巢功能，并可能促进卵泡发生和排卵。(C)2006 Elsevier Inc.保留所有权利。
The socio-sexual environment of a female is known to affect ovarian function. Increased male contact can enhance menstrual cycle regularity. Conversely, social deprivation constitutes a form of stress that often alters cyclicity and the secretion of reproductive hormones. The present study was carried out on captive female chimpanzees to examine possible interactions among housing conditions, menstrual cycle length, morphological changes in secondary sexual character expression and endocrine release patterns related to follicular and luteal function. Animals were housed over a period of 2 years either with a male conspecific or singly. Blood samples were collected over three cycles, and anogenital swelling changes registered to define menstrual cycle phases. Fecal sampling techniques were used to monitor cortisol as a measure of stress-load. Male presence seemed to affect female cyclicity. Females housed with a male had shorter and more regular cycles than singly housed females. Prolactin, gonadotropins and estradiol levels were generally higher in paired females during specific cycle phases. Group variation was not always significant. No differences were found in progesterone. Sexually cohabited females tended to have lower fecal cortisol metabolites immediately before and after maximum tumescence. We suggest that the close behavioral, physical and olfactory contact with a male conspecific can act as a sort of zeitgeber to modulate ovarian function by stabilizing the female cycle and, perhaps, enhancing folliculogenesis and ovulation. (c) 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.