Is the commercialisation of human tissue and body material forbidden in the countries of the European Union?
Is the commercialisation of human tissue and body material forbidden in the countries of the European Union?
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DOI：
10.1136/jme.2010.038760
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发表时间：
2012-06-01
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Beier, Katharina
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lenk, Christian;Beier, Katharina
人体及其器官被广泛认为是商业用途之外的东西。这一信念在几个国家和欧洲的文件中被编入法典。这种所谓的“无财产规则”被认为是欧盟各国的默认立场。然而，仔细观察最相关的国家和欧洲文件，以及该领域的当前实践，揭示了人体组织商业化的渐进模式。特别是，我们将认为，禁止人体材料商业化并不像乍一看那么严格，为组织采购和转移的商业实践留下了空间。我们主张为患者和组织捐赠者提供更透明的信息，加强对商业化实践的伦理辩论，并对当前的规范原则进行批判性审查。
The human body and its parts are widely perceived as matters beyond commercial usage. This belief is codified in several national and European documents. This so-called 'no-property rule' is held to be the default position across the countries of the European Union. However, a closer look at the most pertinent national and European documents, and also current practices in the field, reveals a gradual model of commercialisation of human tissue. In particular, we will argue that the ban on commercialisation of body material is not as strict as it may appear at first sight, leaving room for the commercial practice of tissue procurement and transfer. We argue for more transparent information for patients and tissue donors, an intensified ethical debate on commercialisation practices, and a critical review of current normative principles.