CONCEPTS OF CULTURE-FAIRNESS
CONCEPTS OF CULTURE-FAIRNESS
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文化公平的概念
DOI：
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发表时间：
1971
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
R. L. Thorndike
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. L. Thorndike
测试的公平性与合理使用有关。合理使用的一种定义指出，如果基于一个群体的回归线不会系统性地高估或低估另一个群体的效标表现，那么对于两个群体可以使用一个共同的合格分数。然而，研究表明，当两个群体在测试平均分数上存在显著差异时，上述对测试分数较低群体的个体而言“公平”的程序，从整体上对分数较低的群体是“不公平”的，因为相对于分数较高的群体，在测试中合格的比例将小于达到任何特定效标表现水平的比例。另一种定义会规定，测试的合格分数应设定在这样的水平，即两个群体中合格的申请者比例应与两个群体中达到特定效标表现水平的比例相同。
Fairness of a test relates to fair use. One definition of fair use states that a common qualifying score may be used with two groups if the regression line based on one group does not systematically over- or under-predict criterion performance in the other. However, it is shown that when the two groups differ appreciably in mean test score, the above procedure, which is “fair” to individual members of the group scoring lower on the test, is “unfair” to the lower group as a whole in the sense that the proportion qualified on the test will be smaller, relative to the higher-scoring group, than the proportion that will reach any specified level of criterion performance. An alternate definition would specify that the qualifying scores on a test should be set at levels that will qualify applicants in the two groups in proportion to the fraction of the two groups reaching a specified level of criterion performance.