Grassland plant species and cultivar effects on nitrous oxide emissions after urine application
Grassland plant species and cultivar effects on nitrous oxide emissions after urine application
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DOI：
10.1016/j.geoderma.2018.03.001
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发表时间：
2018-08-01
期刊：
影响因子：
6.1
通讯作者：
Theobald, Phillip W.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bowatte, Saman;Hoogendoorn, Coby J.;Theobald, Phillip W.
我们测试了植物物种特性是否影响了在530公斤氮(N)ha(-1)的情况下添加尿液时一氧化二氮(N2O)的排放。所测试的植物全部用于温带田园农业，包括11种C-3牧草、3种杂草和2种豆科植物，对照为裸地和该地区使用的标准黑麦草/白三叶混合物。施牛尿后6周内总N2O排放量以裸地最高。植物特性很重要，其排放量从意大利黑麦草草原Moata(多花黑麦草)的平均0.67 kg N2O-N ha(-1)到旱地雀麦草原Gala(无芒雀麦)的3.20 kg N2O-N ha(-1)不等。4个多年生黑麦草品种总体排放量较低(平均为1.02 kg N2O-N ha(-1))，白三叶品种排放量较高(平均为2.86 kg N2O-N ha(-1))。氮素吸收速率高的植株N2O排放量低。然而，这并不总是由于土壤对N的高吸收速率，因为在施尿后的头两周，当N2O排放量最高时，土壤矿质氮超过了植物对N的需求，似乎与植物高N吸收有关的某些特征，如土壤硝化势，可能是导致不同植物物种排放差异的重要因素。
We tested whether plant species identity influenced emissions of nitrous oxide (N2O) in response to the addition of urine at a rate of 530 kg nitrogen (N) ha(-1). The plants tested are all used in temperate pastoral agriculture and comprised 11 C-3 grasses, 3 forbs and 2 legumes with controls of bare ground and a standard ryegrass/white clover mixture used in the region. Total N2O emitted over 6 weeks after the application of cattle urine was highest in the bare ground. Plant identity was important with emissions ranging from an average of 0.67 kg N2O-N ha(-1) for the Italian ryegrass Grasslands Moata (Lolium multiflorum) to 3.20 kg N2O-N ha(-1) for the upland brome Grasslands Gala (Bromus stamineus). The 4 perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) cultivars had generally low emissions (average of 1.02 kg N2O-N ha(-1)) and the white clover (Trifolium repens) cultivars high emissions (average of 2.86 kg N2O-N ha(-1)). Plants with high N uptake rates had low N2O emissions. However, this was not always due to a high N uptake rate per se as during the first 2 weeks after urine was applied, when N2O emissions were at their highest, soil mineral N was in excess of plant N demand, It seems that some traits related to a high plant N uptake, such as low soil nitrification potential, might be important in driving differences in emissions associated with different plant species.