Nutrition, Health, and Human Capital Development: Evidence from South Korea, 1946–1977
Nutrition, Health, and Human Capital Development: Evidence from South Korea, 1946–1977
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营养、健康和人力资本发展：来自韩国的证据，1946 年至 1977 年
DOI：
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Taejong Kim
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
C. Lee;Taejong Kim
韩国在20世纪世纪后半叶的快速经济增长导致了该国人口生活水平的巨大改善。然而，无论是韩国的生活条件如何随着时间的推移而变化，还是产生这种变化的主要因素，都没有被完全理解。利用新收集的档案数据，这项研究调查了人类成长的两个关键时期，即幼儿期（从受孕到3岁）和青春期（从12岁到16岁）的营养供应如何影响1946-1957年出生的韩国应征入伍者的身高。结果强烈表明，营养是一个重要的决定因素的生物生活水平所表明的成年身高。热量和蛋白质的供应与较大的身材密切相关。幼儿期的粮食供应比青春期的营养对人的成长更为重要。成长期的营养状况也对受教育程度有很大影响。青春期营养供应的增加减轻了早期生活暴露于朝鲜战争的负面影响。在1951年至1957年出生的队列中，儿童早期和青少年营养状况的改善分别占成人身高增长（约2厘米）的30%至50%。儿童早期营养供应的增加是主要原因。[1]杨贤珠（Hyunju Yang）和金泰宗（Taejong Kim），以及KDI学院研讨会、《首尔经济学杂志》健康经济学会议和亚太经济与商业史会议的与会者，都对我提出了有益的意见。感谢大韩民国和韩国国家研究基金会（NRF-200-20150021）以及KDI公共政策和管理学院气候研究计划的财政支持。我还要感谢Min Young Do出色的研究协助。
The rapid economic growth of South Korea during the second half of the 20th century has resulted in an immense improvement in the standards of living of the country’s population. However, neither how the living conditions in South Korea changed over time nor the major factors that produced such changes have been understood completely. Using newly collected archival data, this study investigated how nutritional availability in two crucial periods for human growth, namely, early childhood (from conception to age 3) and adolescence (from age 12 to 16), affected the heights of South Korean conscripts born from 1946–1957. Results strongly suggest nutrition was an important determining factor of biological standards of living as indicated by adult height. Provisions of calories and protein were associated strongly with larger stature. Food availability during early childhood was more critical for human growth than nutrition in adolescence. Nutrition in growing ages also had a strong effect on educational attainment. Increased nutritional supply in adolescence mitigated the negative consequences of early-life exposure to the Korean War. Improved nutrition in early childhood and adolescence accounted for 30% to 50% of the increase in adult height (about 2 cm) that was gained between the 1951 and 1957 birth cohorts, respectively. Increased nutritional availability during early childhood explains the majority of the contribution. 1 I benefited from helpful comments of Hyunju Yang and Taejong Kim, and participants of the KDI School seminar, the Seoul Journal of Economics Conference on Health Economics, and the Asia Pacific Economic and Business History Conference. Financial support from the Ministry of Republic of Korea and the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF-200-20150021) and from the Cliometric Study Program of the KDI School of Public Policy and Management is gratefully acknowledged. I also thank Min Young Do for her excellent research assistance.
影响因子：
2.3
作者：
Cain, Louis;Hong, Sok Chul
通讯作者：
Hong, Sok Chul