Psychological well-being of orphans in Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania
Psychological well-being of orphans in Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania
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DOI：
10.1080/080352502317371724
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发表时间：
2002-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Grantham-McGregor, S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Makame, V;Ani, C;Grantham-McGregor, S
41名父母死于艾滋病的孤儿。住在达累斯萨拉姆的贫困郊区。坦桑尼亚.与41名来自相同社区的非孤儿进行比较。受试者接受了算术测试和半结构化问卷，内容涉及任何内化问题、他们的上学情况以及他们的惩罚、奖励和饥饿经历。内化问题量表包括21个项目，改编自兰德心理健康和贝克抑郁量表有关情绪。悲观，躯体症状失败感焦虑积极的情感和情感纽带。大多数孤儿和叔叔阿姨住在一起。与非孤儿相比。他们上学的可能性明显较低，但那些上学的人的算术成绩相似。更多的孤儿饿着肚子上床睡觉。与非孤儿相比，孤儿的内化问题明显增加（p <0.0001），34%的人报告说他们在过去一年中曾考虑自杀。多元回归分析表明，内化问题得分的独立预测因素是性别（女性高于男性），上床睡觉饿。结论：孤儿不仅基本需求得不到满足，而且内化问题明显增加，因此他们的长期心理健康将受到威胁。迫切需要扩大和改进目前的干预方案，不仅满足基本需求，而且包括心理社会支助。为孤儿提供咨询服务。并为他们的照顾者和老师提供培训。
Forty-one orphans whose fathers and/or mothers had died from AIDS. and were living in the poor suburbs of Dar Es Salaam. Tanzania. were compared with 41 matched non-orphans front the same neighbourhoods. The subjects were given an arithmetic test and a semi-structured questionnaire concerning any internalizing problems, their attendance at school and their experiences of punishment, reward and hunger. The scale of internalizing problems comprised 21 items adapted from the Rand Mental Health and Beck Depression Inventories concerning mood. pessimism, somatic symptoms. sense of failure, anxiety. positive affect and emotional ties. Most orphans lived with aunts and uncles. Compared with non-orphans. they were significantly less likely to be in school but those who did attend school had similar arithmetic scores. Significantly more orphans went to bed hungry. Orphans had markedly increased internalizing problems compared with non-orphans (p < 0.0001) and 34% reported they had contemplated suicide in the past Year. Multiple regression analysis indicated that the independent predictors of internalizing problem scores were sex (females higher than males), going to bed hungry. no reward for good behaviour, not currently attending school, as well as being an orphan.Conclusion: The orphan,, not only had unmet basic needs, but also had markedly increased internalizing problems, thus their long-term mental health would be in jeopardy. There is an urgent need to expand and improve Current intervention programmes not only to meet the basic needs but also to include psychosocial support. counselling services for the orphans. and training for their carers and teachers.