The contribution of land exchange institutions and markets in countering farmland abandonment in Japan
The contribution of land exchange institutions and markets in countering farmland abandonment in Japan
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DOI：
10.1016/j.landusepol.2016.06.020
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发表时间：
2016-11
期刊：
影响因子：
7.1
通讯作者：
J. Ito;Mari Nishikori;Mami Toyoshi;H. N. Feuer
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Ito;Mari Nishikori;Mami Toyoshi;H. N. Feuer
日本农业从20世纪80年代后期开始陷入停滞，开始了稳步的耕地调整过程。值得注意的后果是，放弃土地工作的人数增加，同时耕地减少，这一过程往往被土地租赁市场的发展所平衡。然而，由于租用土地和废弃农田的总面积同时增加，土地租金作为一种抵消力量的贡献可能被低估。实际上，横截面观察描绘了一幅完全不同的画面：在地级市一级，土地出租率与耕地撂荒率之间存在负相关关系。我们的计量经济学分析表明，在过去的二十年里，这种关系的出现并不是农业家庭，而是非农业家庭实体。特别是，非农业家庭生产者作为承租人发挥着重要作用，不仅促进了土地市场的发展，而且还预先阻止了农田的废弃。拥有土地的非农业家庭是另一个相关的行为者群体，是农田供应方的重要贡献者，但他们的土地也约占废弃总面积的一半。我们的分析还提供了明确的证据，前机构，即土地持有公司，在促进土地使用权的交换中介作用。然而，尽管这些公司被期望帮助扭转农田撂荒的局面，但政府授予的有限资源往往使他们厌恶那种往往与促进被忽视或不利的土地有关的风险交易。
Japanese agriculture has stagnated since the late 1980s, setting in motion a steady process of farmland readjustment. The notable consequence is an increase in the number of people who quit working on the land and a concurrent decline in cultivated farmland, a process which is often balanced by the development of land rental markets. However, since the total areas of rented land and abandoned farmland have increased in parallel, the contribution of land rental as a countervailing force may be underappreciated. And indeed, a cross-sectional observation paints quite a different picture: a negative correlation between the land rental ratio and the farmland abandonment ratio at the prefecture level. Our econometric analysis suggests that it is not so much farm households but rather non-farm household entities that are deeply involved in the appearance of this relationship over the past two decades. In particular, non-farm household producers play an important role as lessees not only by facilitating land market development but also by pre-empting farmland abandonment. Land-holding non-farm households, another relevant group of actors, are significant contributors to the supply side of farmland but their land also accounts for around half of the total abandoned area. Our analysis also offers unambiguous evidence that a former institution, namely Landholding Corporations, serve an intermediary role in facilitating the exchange of land use rights. However, although these corporations were expected to help reverse farmland abandonment, the limited resources granted by the government tend to make them averse to the kind of risky transactions that are often associated with promoting neglected or unfavorable land.