Fractalkine in the nervous system: neuroprotective or neurotoxic molecule?
Fractalkine in the nervous system: neuroprotective or neurotoxic molecule?
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DOI：
10.1111/nyas.12805
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发表时间：
2015-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Limatola, Cristina
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Lauro, Clotilde;Catalano, Myriam;Limatola, Cristina
Fractalkine（CX 3CL 1）是一种有趣的趋化因子，在神经系统中起着核心作用。CX 3CL 1在神经元上的表达及其受体CX 3CR 1在小胶质细胞上的表达促进了特权相互作用，在调节这些细胞的功能和成熟中起重要作用。据报道，CX 3CL 1在几种实验系统和疾病动物模型中具有神经保护和抗炎活性，并且其表达与人类神经病理学的积极结果相关。然而，相当数量的证据表明，CX 3CL 1维持神经炎症状态并导致神经毒性。本文综述了支持CX 3CL 1/CX 3CR 1对具有神经保护作用的证据以及其他证据表明其具有神经毒性。我们的目标是刺激未来的研究，检查负责这种独特的功能开关，这可能是重要的几个神经病理学的分子和细胞决定因素。
Fractalkine (CX3CL1) is an intriguing chemokine that plays a central role in the nervous system. The expression of CX3CL1 on neurons and of its receptor CX3CR1 on microglia facilitates a privileged interaction, playing important roles in regulating the function and maturation of these cells. CX3CL1 is reported to have neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory activities in several experimental systems and animal models of disease, and its expression correlates with positive outcomes in human neuropathologies. However, a comparable amount of evidence shows that CX3CL1 sustains neuroinflammatory conditions and contributes to neurotoxicity. This review discusses the evidence in favor of the CX3CL1/CX3CR1 pair being neuroprotective and other evidence that it is neurotoxic. Our aim is to stimulate future research examining the molecular and cellular determinants responsible for this unique functional switch, which could be important for several neuropathologies.