THE INTERACTION BETWEEN TOXOPLASMA GONDII AND MAMMALIAN CELLS
THE INTERACTION BETWEEN TOXOPLASMA GONDII AND MAMMALIAN CELLS
复制标题
弓形虫与哺乳动物细胞之间的相互作用
DOI：
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发表时间：
1972
影响因子：
15.3
通讯作者：
J. G. Hirsch
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
T. Jones;Shirley Yeh;J. G. Hirsch
巨噬细胞、成纤维细胞和 HeLa 细胞培养物已被弓形虫感染，并对寄生虫的进入和命运进行了观察。设计了一种特殊的程序来通过电子显微镜研究弓形虫的进入。弓形虫在低温下离心到细胞上；加热后固定 1-3 分钟，得到的标本显示了许多寄生虫进入细胞的过程。在所有情况下，进入巨噬细胞、成纤维细胞和HeLa细胞的机制都是通过吞噬作用。细胞延伸出微伪足，将附着的寄生虫包裹在典型的吞噬液泡中。显然，弓形虫刺激了 HeLa 细胞和成纤维细胞的这种反应，这些细胞类型通常不具有吞噬能力。没有发现弓形虫穿过细胞膜，或寄生虫游离在细胞质中的情况。基本上所有进入 HeLa 细胞的弓形虫在 9 小时的世代时间内分裂；寄生虫在液泡中形成巨大的玫瑰花结，最终导致宿主细胞破裂。巨噬细胞比海拉细胞吸收更多数量的弓形虫，但巨噬细胞内大约一半的寄生虫在几小时内退化。巨噬细胞中幸存的弓形虫每 8 小时分裂一次，形成玫瑰花结并最终破裂细胞。
Macrophage, fibroblast, and HeLa cell cultures have been infected with Toxoplasma gondii, and observations have been made on parasite entry and fate. A special procedure was devised for studying the entry of toxoplasmas by electron microscopy. Toxoplasmas were centrifuged onto the cells in the cold; fixation 1–3 min after warming yielded specimens showing numerous examples of parasites in the process of entering cells. The mechanism of entry into macrophages, fibroblasts, and HeLa cells was in all cases by phagocytosis. Micropseudopods were extended by the cells to envelop the attached parasites in a typical phagocytic vacuole. Apparently the toxoplasmas stimulated this response of HeLa cells and fibroblasts, cell types not usually phagocytic. No instance was seen of penetration of toxoplasmas through the cell membrane, or of parasites located free in the cytoplasm. Essentially all of the toxoplasmas that entered HeLa cells divided with a generation time of 9 hr; the parasites formed large rosettes situated in vacuoles, eventually leading to host cell rupture. Macrophages took in larger numbers of toxoplasmas than did HeLa cells, but approximately half of the parasites inside of macrophages degenerated within a few hours. The surviving toxoplasmas in macrophages divided every 8 hr, forming rosettes and eventually rupturing the cells.