Observational and energetics constraints on the non-conservation of potential/Conservative Temperature and implications for ocean modelling

Observational and energetics constraints on the non-conservation of potential/Conservative Temperature and implications for ocean modelling
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对潜在/保守温度不守恒的观测和能量学限制及其对海洋建模的影响

DOI:
10.1016/j.ocemod.2015.02.001
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发表时间:
2015
期刊:
影响因子:
3.2
通讯作者:
Tailleux R
Tailleux R
中科院分区:
地球科学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Tailleux R

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本文旨在阐明位温不守恒和守恒温度不守恒之间的根本区别,以便更好地理解每一个量作为数值海洋模式中的热变量的相对优点。主要的结果是,位温的行为类似于熵,在这个意义上,它的不守恒主要反映生产/破坏的表面热量和淡水通量;相反,保守温度的不守恒主要反映整体可压缩的工作膨胀/收缩。然后,本文展示了如何利用这一点来约束观测到的表面热通量的潜在温度和熵的不守恒,以及海洋数值模型的机械能预算的已发表估计的保守温度的不守恒。最后,本文展示了如何修改位温演化方程,使其完全等效于使用IOC等人最近推荐的保守温度演化方程。这一结果应在原则上允许海洋建模测试两个配方之间的等效性,并间接调查在何种程度上的预算推导出的非保守量,如浮力和熵可以预期准确地表示在海洋模型。
This paper seeks to elucidate the fundamental differences between the nonconservation of potential temperature and that of Conservative Temperature, in order to better understand the relative merits of each quantity for use as the heat variable in numerical ocean models. The main result is that potential temperature is found to behave similarly to entropy, in the sense that its nonconservation primarily reflects production/destruction by surface heat and freshwater fluxes; in contrast, the nonconservation of Conservative Temperature is found to reflect primarily the overall compressible work of expansion/contraction. This paper then shows how this can be exploited to constrain the nonconservation of potential temperature and entropy from observed surface heat fluxes, and the nonconservation of Conservative Temperature from published estimates of the mechanical energy budgets of ocean numerical models. Finally, the paper shows how to modify the evolution equation for potential temperature so that it is exactly equivalent to using an exactly conservative evolution equation for Conservative Temperature, as was recently recommended by IOC et al. (2010). This result should in principle allow ocean modellers to test the equivalence between the two formulations, and to indirectly investigate to what extent the budget of derived nonconservative quantities such as buoyancy and entropy can be expected to be accurately represented in ocean models.
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