Octopamine and tyramine respectively regulate attractive and repulsive behavior in locust phase changes.
Octopamine and tyramine respectively regulate attractive and repulsive behavior in locust phase changes.
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DOI：
10.1038/srep08036
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发表时间：
2015-01-27
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Kang L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ma Z;Guo X;Lei H;Li T;Hao S;Kang L
集群行为和孤独行为是动物的普遍现象。有趣的是，蝗虫（Locusta migratoria）的行为可以通过同种吸引和排斥在群居和独居之间可逆地转换。然而，蝗虫之间吸引和排斥的神经递质的调节机制仍然未知。在本研究中，我们发现群居蝗虫和独居蝗虫分别被群居挥发物吸引和排斥。在拥挤过程中，独居蝗虫可以改变对群居挥发物的偏好，而群居蝗虫在隔离过程中则会回避它们的挥发物。在拥挤和隔离过程中，章鱼胺和酪胺信号的活性分别与群居挥发物的吸引和排斥反应相关。RNA干扰证实，在群居蝗虫中，章鱼胺受体α（OARα）信号调控引诱反应，而在独居蝗虫中，酪胺受体（TAR）信号调控排斥反应。此外，OARα信号的激活导致了蝗虫从排斥到吸引的行为转变。TAR信号的增强导致了群居蝗虫从吸引到排斥的行为转变。这两种单胺类化合物对群居蝗虫和独居蝗虫的嗅觉偏好分别在拥挤和隔离状态下表现出与嗅觉感知相同的趋势。因此，无脊椎动物特有的章鱼胺OAR α和酪胺TAR信号分别介导了蝗虫行为可塑性中的吸引和排斥行为。
Aggregative and solitary behaviors are universal phenomena in animals. Interestingly, locusts (Locusta migratoria) can reversibly transit their behavior between gregarious and solitary phase through conspecific attraction and repulsion. However, the regulatory mechanism of neurotransmitters underlying attraction and repulsion among locusts remains unknown. In this study, we found gregarious and solitary locusts were attracted or repulsed respectively by gregarious volatiles. Solitary locusts can transform their preference for gregarious volatiles during crowding, whereas gregarious locusts avoided their volatiles during isolation. During crowding and isolation, the activities of octopamine and tyramine signalings were respectively correlated with attraction- and repulsion-response to gregarious volatiles. RNA interference verified that octopamine receptor α (OARα) signaling in gregarious locusts controlled attraction-response, whereas in solitary ones, tyramine receptor (TAR) signaling mediated repulsion-response. Moreover, the activation of OARα signaling in solitary locusts caused the behavioral shift from repulsion to attraction. Enhancement of TAR signaling in gregarious locusts resulted in the behavioral shift from attraction to repulsion. The olfactory preference of gregarious and solitary locusts co-injected by these two monoamines displayed the same tendency as the olfactory perception in crowding and isolation, respectively. Thus, the invertebrate-specific octopamine-OARα and tyramine-TAR signalings respectively mediate attractive and repulsive behavior in behavioral plasticity in locusts.