Pulpal, Microvascular, and Tissue Pressure
Pulpal, Microvascular, and Tissue Pressure
复制标题
牙髓、微血管和组织压力
DOI：
10.1177/002203458506400414
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发表时间：
1985
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Karin J. Heyeraas
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Karin J. Heyeraas
本文的两个主题，微血管和组织压力，代表了完全不同的主题。微血管压力是不同血管段内的血压，即，在小动脉毛细血管和小静脉里小动脉和小静脉血压的变化是这些血管段中血管阻力改变的结果;因此，这些变化影响血流。毛细血管血压的大小还取决于毛细血管前后的血管阻力。然而，毛细血管本身并不参与血流调节;它们是具有相对恒定的血管阻力的相当刚性的管。毛细血管压力是用于测量跨毛细血管液体平衡的Starling方程中的参数之一。因此，毛细血管血压的变化会影响牙髓的液体交换，而动脉和微静脉血压的变化会引起牙髓血流量的变化。W. ., .第二个主题，牙髓组织压力（或间质流体压力，Pi）涉及由血管外牙髓组织中的间质流体艾德的流体静压。组织压力与毛细血管压力一样，也是Starli方程中的一个因子，因此也参与了跨毛细血管血流平衡。另一方面，由于牙髓的低顺应性环境，组织压力也可能其次影响血流。因此，增加的组织压力将倾向于压缩软壁小静脉，从而提高小静脉阻力并减少血流量，反之亦然。由于文献中以前使用过各种令人困惑的术语，例如牙髓压力、牙齿组织压力等。牙髓内压力和牙髓流体压力，似乎适合于定义本术语“牙髓组织压力”（Pi）。本牙髓组织压力是通过流体平衡技术测量的间质流体压力。当使用这些方法时，牙髓通过充满液体的管连接到低顺应性压力计。Pi将等于纸浆中自由流体相中的流体静压。
The two subjects of this paper, the microvascular and the tissue pressure, represent quite different topics. The microvascular pressure is the blood pressure within the different vessel segments, i.e., in the arterioles, capillaries, and venules. Changes in arteriolar and venular blood pressure are the result of altered vascular resistance in these vessel segments; thus, these changes in~uence blood flow. The magnitude of the capillary blood pressure IS also determined by the preand post-capillary vascular resistance. The capillaries themselves, however, do not participate in blood flow regulation; they are fairly rigid tubes with a relatively constant vascular resistance. The capillary pressure is one of the parameters in the Starling equation used for measuring transcapillary fluid balance. Thu.s, changes in capillary blood pressure will influence th~ transc~pil lary fluid exchange, while blood pressure changes 10 artenoles and venules will cause changes in pulpal blood fl?w. ., . The second theme, pulpal tissue pressure (or interstitial fluid pressure, Pi)' concerns the hydrostatic pressure exert.ed by the interstitial fluid in the extravascular pulpal tissue. The tissue pressure, like the capillary pressure, is one of the factors in t~e Starli~g equation and does, therefore, take part in the transcapillary fl~ld balance. On the other hand, tissue pressure may also secondanly affect blood flow due to the low compliance environment of the pulp. Thus, increased tissue pressure will tend to compress the soft-walled venules, thereby raising venular resistance and reducing blood flow, and vice versa. Because of a bewildering variety of terms previously us~d in the literature, such as pulp pressure, tooth tissue pressure,. mtrapulpal pressure, and pulp fluid pressure, it seems appropnate to define the present term "pulpal tissue pressure" (Pi)' The present pulpal tissue pressure is the interstitial fluid pressure measured by fluid-equilibration techniques. When these methods are used, the pulpal interstitium is connected to a low-compliance manometer through a fluid-filled tube. Pi will equal the hydrostatic pressure in the free-fluid phase in the interstitium of the pulp.