Training for Community Health - Bridging the global health care gap
Training for Community Health - Bridging the global health care gap
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社区健康培训 - 缩小全球医疗保健差距
DOI：
10.1093/oso/9780198866244.003.0006
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发表时间：
2021
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Nagraj S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Nagraj S
社区卫生工作者（CHW）的培训和监督传统上依赖于面对面的交付方法。然而，培训和监督的情况正在发生变化。全球移动的互联网连接的改善，以及低成本移动的和智能手机设备（GSMA，2019年）等可负担技术的兴起，有可能改变对社区卫生工作者的培训和监督。通过移动的健康（mHealth）平台，技术已经在CHW的培训和监督中得到了有益的结果，所述平台：共享临床信息和多媒体资源（Florez-Arango等人，2011）;提供实时临床决策支持以支持学习（Adepoju等人，2017）;提供远程监督（Modi et al.，2019年）;并支持通过社交媒体团体创建专业网络（亨利等人，2016年）。基本的移动的电话可用于通过交互式语音识别（BBC Media Action，2015; Amref，2020）和SMS短信（Zurovac等人，2011; DeRenzi等人，2012年）。技术的进步也使得能够使用基于智能手机的教育游戏，虚拟现实，增强现实和大规模开放式在线课程（MOOC）向全球学习者提供创新和负担得起的培训。技术强化学习（TEL）是利用技术来促进学习。技术可以单独使用，也可以与更传统的面对面方法（混合学习）结合使用。混合学习方法已被推荐用于CHW的培训（WHO，2018），并且在资源匮乏的环境中可能特别有用，因为在这些环境中，面对面的培训和监督具有挑战性（Mastellos等人，2018年）。世界卫生组织提出了针对CHW的核心学习课程（世界卫生组织，2018年），具有适应环境的潜力
Training and supervision of community health workers (CHWs) has traditionally relied upon face-to-face methods of delivery. However, the landscape of training and supervision is changing. Improved mobile Internet connectivity worldwide, and the rise of affordable technologies, including low-cost mobile and smartphone devices (GSMA, 2019), have potential to transform the delivery of training and supervision to CHWs. Technology has been used with beneficial results in the training and supervision of CHWs through mobile Health (mHealth) platforms that: share clinical information and multimedia resources (Florez-Arango et al., 2011); provide real-time clinical decision support to support learning (Adepoju et al., 2017); provide remote supervision (Modi et al., 2019); and support the creation of professional networks through social media groups (Henry et al., 2016). Basic mobile phones can be used to provide training and supervision through interactive voice recognition (BBC Media Action, 2015; Amref, 2020) and SMS text messages (Zurovac et al., 2011; DeRenzi et al., 2012). Advances in technology have also enabled delivery of innovative and affordable training to learners worldwide using smartphone-based educational games, virtual reality, augmented reality, and massive open access online courses (MOOCs). Technology-enhanced learning (TEL) is the use of technology to facilitate learning. Technology may be used exclusively, or in combination with more traditional face-to-face approaches (blended learning). Blended approaches to learning have been recommended for the training of CHWs (WHO, 2018), and may be particularly useful in low-resource settings, where access to face-to-face training and supervision is challenging (Mastellos et al., 2018). A core learning curriculum for CHWs has been proposed by the World Health Organization (World Health Organization, 2018), with potential for contextual adaption to meet