Assessing tinnitus and prospective tinnitus therapeutics using a psychophysical animal model
Assessing tinnitus and prospective tinnitus therapeutics using a psychophysical animal model
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DOI：
10.1007/s101620010030
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发表时间：
2001-03-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Brozoski, TJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bauer, CA;Brozoski, TJ
耳鸣是一种常见的疾病，也是一种常见的心理疾病，它是一种非常复杂的心理疾病，也是一种非常复杂的心理疾病。研究人类耳鸣是进一步复杂的耳鸣质量，严重程度和相关的听力损失的异质性。因此，人们对耳鸣的病理生理学知之甚少，治疗往往不成功。在本研究中，开发了一种动物心理物理模型，以反映在人类中观察到的耳鸣的几个特征。慢性耳鸣是由一个单一的强烈的单侧暴露于噪声诱导大鼠。使用心理物理程序测量耳鸣，该程序要求动物区分由音调、噪声和0 dB组成的听觉测试刺激。耳鸣是由一个频率特定的位移的歧视功能相对于控制受试者不暴露于噪音。噪音暴露的心理物理后果最好用耳鸣假说来解释，但无法轻易用噪音暴露的其他后果（例如听力损失）来解释。耳鸣的定性特征被确定，并与噪声暴露的持续时间和相关的耳蜗创伤有关。耳鸣被发现持续和加强超过17个月的测试。最后，耳鸣可逆衰减治疗加巴喷丁，GABA激动剂。得出的结论是，该模型反映了人类耳鸣的几个特点，如其音调和持久性，并可能是有用的作为一个屏幕的潜在的治疗方法，以及一种工具，以帮助解开的病理生理障碍的幻听知觉。
Subjective tinnitus is a common and often debilitating disorder that is difficult to study because it is a perceptual state without an objective stimulus correlate. Studying tinnitus in humans is further complicated by the heterogeneity of tinnitus quality, severity, and associated hearing loss. As a consequence, the pathophysiology of tinnitus is poorly understood and treatments are often unsuccessful. In the present study, an animal psychophysical model was developed to reflect several features of tinnitus observed in humans. Chronic tinnitus was induced in rats by a single intense unilateral exposure to noise. The tinnitus was measured using a psychophysical procedure, which required the animals to discriminate between auditory test stimuli consisting of tones, noise, and 0 dB. Tinnitus was indicated by a frequency-specific shift in discrimination functions with respect to control subjects not exposed to noise. The psychophysical consequences of the noise exposure were best explained by a tinnitus hypothesis and could not be explained easily by other consequences of noise exposure such as hearing loss. The qualitative features of the tinnitus were determined and related to the duration of noise exposure and the associated cochlear trauma. The tinnitus was found to persist and intensify over 17 months of testing. Finally, the tinnitus was reversibly attenuated by treatment with gabapentin, a GABA agonist. It was concluded that this model reflected several features of human tinnitus, such as its tonality and persistence, and could be useful as a screen for potential therapeutics as well as a tool to help unravel the pathophysiology of the disorder of phantom auditory perception.