Determinants of healthy eating in Canada - An overview and synthesis
Determinants of healthy eating in Canada - An overview and synthesis
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DOI：
10.1007/bf03405195
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发表时间：
2005-07-01
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Raine, KD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Raine, KD
本文从人口健康的角度来研究健康饮食的决定因素之间复杂的相互作用。目前关于健康饮食决定因素的知识概述如下：1）个人食物选择的个人决定因素和2）集体决定因素，包括a）作为饮食行为背景的环境决定因素和b）为健康饮食创造支持性环境的公共政策。对文献的概念综合表明，个人食物选择的个体决定因素（生理状态、食物偏好、营养知识、健康饮食观念和心理因素）对于解释高度相关的饮食行为是必要的，但还不够。饮食行为的集体决定因素包括广泛的背景因素，例如家庭和同龄人创造的人际环境、决定食物供应和可及性的物理环境、经济环境（其中食物是一种以盈利为目的的商品）以及社会环境（其中社会地位（收入、教育和性别）和文化环境是健康饮食的决定因素，可能“无形地”影响食物选择）。政策是调解多种环境的有力手段。我们对宏观环境干预过程以及此类干预措施对促进健康饮食的影响的理解存在差距。因此，食物选择的集体决定因素和促进健康饮食的政策背景需要对研究进行投资。应用人口健康促进视角来了解影响健康饮食的多种背景，为促进健康饮食的优先研究和行动策略提供了见解。
This article uses a population health perspective to examine the complex set of interactions among the determinants of healthy eating. An overview of current knowledge on determinants of healthy eating was organized as follows: 1) individual determinants of personal food choices and 2) collective determinants, including a) environmental determinants as the context for eating behaviours and b) public policies as creating supportive environments for healthy eating. A conceptual synthesis of the literature revealed that individual determinants of personal food choice (physiological state, food preferences, nutritional knowledge, perceptions of healthy eating and psychological factors) are necessary, but not sufficient, to explain eating behaviour, which is highly contextual. Collective determinants of eating behaviour include a wide range of contextual factors, such as the interpersonal environment created by family and peers, the physical environment, which determines food availability and accessibility, the economic environment, in which food is a commodity to be marketed for profit, and the social environment, in which social status (income, education and gender) and cultural milieu are determinants of healthy eating that may be working "invisibly" to structure food choice. Policy is a powerful means of mediating multiple environments. There are gaps in our understanding of the process of intervening in macro-level environments and the impact of such interventions on the promotion of healthy eating. Collective determinants of food choice and policy contexts for promoting healthy eating, therefore, require investment in research. Applying a population health promotion lens to understanding the multiple contexts influencing healthy eating provides insight into prioritizing research and action strategies for the promotion of healthy eating.