Innate Mechanisms of Heart Regeneration.
Innate Mechanisms of Heart Regeneration.
复制标题
心脏再生的先天机制。
DOI：
10.1101/cshperspect.a040766
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
7.2
通讯作者：
Burns,CarolineE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yin,Hui-Min;Burns,CGeoffrey;Burns,CarolineE
心脏再生是一个显着的过程，损伤的心脏组织的再生恢复器官的解剖和功能。不幸的是，人类心脏高度抵抗再生，这造成了缺血损伤后心肌细胞的短缺，这在一定程度上解释了为什么冠状动脉疾病仍然是全球主要的死亡原因。幸运的是，自然界中已经有了实现治疗性心脏再生的详细蓝图，因为几种低等脊椎动物通过强大的心肌细胞增殖成功地再生了截肢或受损的心肌。越来越多的物种正在接受心脏再生潜力的研究，这些动物之间出现了一些共性，这些动物表现出或高或低的先天能力。在这篇综述中，我们提供了这一领域的历史观点，讨论了心肌细胞特性、有丝分裂信号和染色质可及性如何影响再生潜力，并强调了积极研究中尚未回答的问题。最终，描绘为什么心脏再生在一些生物体中优先发生，而在另一些生物体中不发生，将揭示实现人类心脏恢复的新的治疗途径。
Heart regeneration is a remarkable process whereby regrowth of damaged cardiac tissue rehabilitates organ anatomy and function. Unfortunately, the human heart is highly resistant to regeneration, which creates a shortage of cardiomyocytes in the wake of ischemic injury, and explains, in part, why coronary artery disease remains a leading cause of death worldwide. Luckily, a detailed blueprint for achieving therapeutic heart regeneration already exists in nature because several lower vertebrate species successfully regenerate amputated or damaged heart muscle through robust cardiomyocyte proliferation. A growing number of species are being interrogated for cardiac regenerative potential, and several commonalities have emerged between those animals showing high or low innate capabilities. In this review, we provide a historical perspective on the field, discuss how regenerative potential is influenced by cardiomyocyte properties, mitogenic signals, and chromatin accessibility, and highlight unanswered questions under active investigation. Ultimately, delineating why heart regeneration occurs preferentially in some organisms, but not in others, will uncover novel therapeutic inroads for achieving cardiac restoration in humans.