Thyroid disease associated with exposure to the Nevada Nuclear Weapons Test Site radiation - A reevaluation based on corrected dosimetry and examination data
Thyroid disease associated with exposure to the Nevada Nuclear Weapons Test Site radiation - A reevaluation based on corrected dosimetry and examination data
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DOI：
10.1097/01.ede.0000240540.79983.7f
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发表时间：
2006-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Meikle, A. Wayne
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lyon, Joseph L.;Alder, Stephen C.;Meikle, A. Wayne
背景：1965年至1966年开始了一项研究，以确定1951年至1962年在内华达州试验场进行的核武器试验中暴露于放射性碘的儿童患甲状腺疾病的风险是否较高。1993年，我们报道了在1985年至1986年（二期）接受检查的人中，内华达试验场的辐射与甲状腺肿瘤之间存在关联。方法：我们使用新修正的剂量估计值和II期研究的疾病结局，重新评估内华达试验场放射性尘埃暴露与甲状腺疾病之间的关系。对居住在犹他州、内华达州和亚利桑那州的12至18岁学龄儿童进行前瞻性队列研究，于1965年至1966年首次检查甲状腺疾病，并于1985年至1986年再次检查。在II期报告中，2497名受试者构成了本分析的基础。甲状腺疾病，包括甲状腺肿瘤和甲状腺炎，以累积发病率和风险比（rr）表示，剂量反应以超额风险比（ERR/Gy）表示。结果：高剂量组甲状腺辐射剂量与甲状腺肿瘤的RR由前期分析的3.4增加到7.5。甲状腺炎的RR从1.1增加到2.7，ERR/Gy为4.9（95%可信区间= 2.0 - 10.0）。恶性甲状腺肿瘤太少，无法估计风险。结论：儿童时期暴露于放射性碘的人在暴露30年后患甲状腺肿瘤和自身免疫性甲状腺炎的风险增加。
Background: A study was begun in 1965 to 1966 to determine whether children exposed to radioactive iodine from nuclear weapons testing at the Nevada Test Site from 1951 through 1962 were at higher risk of thyroid disease. In 1993, we reported that among those examined in 1985 to 1986 (Phase II) there was an association between radiation from the Nevada Test Site and thyroid neoplasms.Methods: We reevaluated the relationship between exposure to Nevada Test Site fallout and thyroid disease using newly corrected dose estimates and disease outcomes from the Phase II study. A prospective cohort of school children 12 to 18 years old living in Utah, Nevada, and Arizona was first examined for thyroid disease in 1965 to 1966 and reexamined in 1985 to 1986. In the Phase II report, 2497 subjects formed the basis for this analysis. Thyroid disease, including thyroid neoplasms and thyroiditis, was expressed as cumulative incidence and risk ratios (RRs) with a dose-response expressed as excess risk ratio (ERR/Gy).Results: The RR between thyroid radiation dose in the highest dose group and thyroid neoplasms increased from 3.4 (in the earlier analysis) to 7.5. The RR for thyroiditis increased from 1.1 to 2.7 with an ERR/Gy of 4.9 (95% confidence interval = 2.0 to 10.0). There were too few malignant thyroid neoplasms to estimate risk.Conclusions: Persons exposed to radioactive iodine as children have an increased risk of thyroid neoplasms and autoimmune thyroiditis up to 30 years after exposure.