Applicability of infectivity assay for the quantification of infectious human adenovirus genotype 5 in UV-irradiated wastewater
Applicability of infectivity assay for the quantification of infectious human adenovirus genotype 5 in UV-irradiated wastewater
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DOI：
10.2166/wh.2020.224
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发表时间：
2020-12
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
S. Rattanakul;K. Oguma
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Rattanakul;K. Oguma
由于担心对宿主细胞的细胞毒性，在家庭废水样品中使用感染性测定受到限制，因此，废水中人类腺病毒（HAdV）的紫外线灭活效率仍不清楚。在本研究中，将人类腺病毒基因型 5 (HAdV-5) 宿主细胞系（A549 细胞）与 1:1.5 至 1:4（废水与废水和细胞培养基混合物的比例）不同稀释度的废水一起孵育，并通过细胞形态和活力评估细胞毒性。与对照样品相比，即使在最低稀释度 1:1.5 下，也未观察到细胞活力或形态发生变化，表明该稀释度允许进行感染性测定。避免细胞毒性的最小稀释度可能因不同的水基质而异。因此，该技术被应用于对废水紫外线消毒后加标的 HAdV-5 进行定量。废水中的紫外线消毒效率显着提高，并且溶解有机物光敏化产生的羟基自由基 (OH•) 被认为是这种增强的原因。这项研究表明，稀释是避免细胞毒性的简单解决方案，并且由于紫外线辐射产生的 OH• 自由基，废水中的紫外线灭活作用可能会增强。
The use of infectivity assays in domestic wastewater samples is limited because of the concerns around cytotoxicity to host cells, thus, the UV inactivation efficiency of human adenoviruses (HAdVs) in wastewater remains unclear. In this study, a human adenovirus genotype five (HAdV-5) host cell line (A549 cells) was incubated with wastewater at varied dilutions from 1:1.5 to 1:4 (the ratio of wastewater to a mixture of wastewater and the cell culture medium) and the cytotoxicity was assessed by the cell morphology and viability. No change was observed in either cell viability or morphology in comparison with control samples, even at lowest dilution of 1:1.5, indicating the dilution allowed infectivity assays. The minimal degree of dilution to avoid cytotoxicity may differ with different water matrix. Consequently, the technique was applied to quantify spiked HAdV-5 after the UV disinfection of wastewater. A significant increase in UV disinfection efficiency was noted in wastewater and hydroxyl radicals (OH•) produced by the photosensitization of dissolved organic matter were suggested to be responsible for the enhancement. This study indicated that dilution can be a simple solution to avoid cytotoxicity, and UV inactivation may be enhanced in wastewater due to OH• radicals produced by UV radiation.