Release, Transport, and accumulation of lithium in shale brines
Release, Transport, and accumulation of lithium in shale brines
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DOI：
10.1016/j.fuel.2023.129629
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发表时间：
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期刊：
影响因子：
7.4
通讯作者：
K. Lee;Jiahui You;Yongjun Gao;Tanguy Terlier
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
K. Lee;Jiahui You;Yongjun Gao;Tanguy Terlier
为了缓解气候变化，锂供应来源多样化对于通过加强可再生能源发电和电气化运输实现能源部门脱碳至关重要。最近发现页岩盐水含有大量锂，但有关其起源、归宿和运输的相关地下现象尚不清楚。在这里，我们提出了一系列地球化学实验，以阐明页岩中锂的最初存在及其从固相到流体的释放机制，并通过数值模拟来通过解决其命运和运输来估计页岩卤水中锂的资源。我们发现，大部分锂作为页岩中粘土的层间阳离子被无机结合，而极少部分是有机结合的。浸出锂的水热反应实验表明，流体中的钙离子对锂释放到流体中的影响最大，而钠离子的影响最小。根据数值模型与实验结果相结合，在孔隙流体中钙离子占主导地位的情况下，模拟 Marcellus 页岩系统的页岩盐水中锂的平均浓度估计约为 135 ppm，这与 Marcellus 页岩盐水生产的实际测量值非常匹配。这项研究提供了对地质系统中锂的释放、传输和积累的基本现象的理解，从而有助于增强能源脱碳的锂供应来源。
In order to mitigate climate change, diversifying the sources of lithium supply is crucial for the decarbonization of energy sector through enhanced renewable electricity generation and electrified transportation. Shale brines have been recently found to be containing significant amount of lithium, but relevant subsurface phenomena regarding its origin, fate, and transport are unknown. Here we present a suite of geochemical experiments to elucidate the initial presence of lithium in shale rocks and its release mechanism from solid phase into fluid, and numerical modeling to estimate the resources of lithium in shale brines by addressing its fate and transport. We find that the majority of lithium is inorganically bound as an interlayer cation of clay in shale rock, while a sparingly small portion is organically bound. Hydrothermal reaction experiments for leaching lithium reveal that calcium ion in fluid has strongest impact on lithium to be released into fluid, while sodium ion has minimal impact. From the numerical modeling combined with the experimental findings, average concentration of lithium in shale brines mimicking Marcellus Shale system is estimated to be about 135 ppm under calcium ion dominancy in pore fluid, which shows excellent match with actually measured values from produced Marcellus Shale brines. This study provides the understanding of fundamental phenomena addressing release, transport, and accumulation of lithium in geologic system, and hence contributes to the enhancement of sources of lithium supply for energy decarbonization.