Heavy metal and pesticide content in commonly prescribed individual raw Chinese Herbal Medicines.
Heavy metal and pesticide content in commonly prescribed individual raw Chinese Herbal Medicines.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.07.032
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发表时间：
2011-09-15
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
Eisenberg, David M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Harris, Eric S. J.;Cao, Shugeng;Littlefield, Bruce A.;Craycroft, Jane A.;Scholten, Robert;Kaptchuk, Ted;Fu, Yanling;Wang, Wenquan;Liu, Yong;Chen, Hubiao;Zhao, Zhongzhen;Clardy, Jon;Woolf, Alan D.;Eisenberg, David M.
关键词：
此前曾有报道称，中草药（CHMs）中存在重金属和农药污染，在某些情况下甚至达到了潜在的毒性水平。本研究旨在确定大量中药材中重金属和农药污染的一般模式和毒理学意义。在中国各地收集了126种中药材的334份样品，并对砷、镉、铬、铅和汞进行了检测。其中，共有294个样本，代表112个品种，检测了162种农药。在所有334个样本中至少检测到一种金属（100%），115个样本（34%）的所有金属均可检测到。108份样品中检出42种不同农药，占36.7%，每个样品中检出1 ~ 9种农药。在不同的暴露情景下，污染物水平与毒理学参考值进行了比较。根据一种可能的中草药消费情况，只有3个样本（1%）含有重金属，14个样本（5%）含有农药，其浓度可能导致污染物接触本底水平升高。根据最保守的中草药消费情况，231个重金属样品（69%）和81个农药样品（28%）含有可能导致暴露水平升高的污染物。野生采集的植物的污染物含量高于栽培样品。镉、铬、铅和毒死蜱污染与地理位置呈弱相关性。根据我们对原料中药材可能消费方式的假设，本研究中334个样本中绝大多数（95%）含有的重金属或农药含量可以忽略不计。然而，考虑到含有可检测污染物的样品的数量以及接触污染物的可能性较大和较保守的情况之间的范围，建议对原料中草药中的重金属（特别是镉和铬）和农药残留（特别是毒死蜱）进行更多的研究和监测。
Heavy metal and pesticide contamination has previously been reported in Chinese Herbal Medicines (CHMs), in some cases at potentially toxic levels. This study was conducted to determine general patterns and toxicological significance of heavy metal and pesticide contamination in a broad sample of raw CHMs. Three-hundred-thirty-four samples representing 126 species of CHMs were collected throughout China and examined for arsenic, cadmium, chromium, lead, and mercury. Of the total, 294 samples representing 112 species were also tested for 162 pesticides. At least 1 metal was detected in all 334 samples (100%) and 115 samples (34%) had detectable levels of all metals. Forty-two different pesticides were detected in 108 samples (36.7%), with 1 to 9 pesticides per sample. Contaminant levels were compared to toxicological reference values in the context of different exposure scenarios. According to a likely scenario of CHM consumption, only 3 samples (1%) with heavy metals and 14 samples (5%) with pesticides were found with concentrations that could contribute to elevated background levels of contaminant exposure. According to the most conservative scenario of CHM consumption, 231 samples (69%) with heavy metals and 81 samples (28%) with pesticides had contaminants that could contribute to elevated levels of exposure. Wild collected plants had higher contaminant levels than cultivated samples. Cadmium, chromium, lead, and chlorpyrifos contamination showed weak correlations with geographic location. Based on our assumptions of the likely mode of consumption of raw CHMs, the vast majority (95%) of the 334 samples in this study contained levels of heavy metals or pesticides that would be of negligible concern. However, given the number of samples with detectable contaminants and the range between the more likely and more conservative scenarios of contaminant exposure, more research and monitoring of heavy metals (especially cadmium and chromium) and pesticide residues (especially chlorpyrifos) in raw CHMs are advised.
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DOI：
10.1080/15287390701434885
发表时间：
2007-01-01
影响因子：
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作者：
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DOI：
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