Observations of Momentum Transfer in the Upper Ocean : Did Ekman Get It Right ?
Observations of Momentum Transfer in the Upper Ocean : Did Ekman Get It Right ?
复制标题
对上层海洋动量转移的观察：埃克曼做对了吗？
DOI：
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发表时间：
2003
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
D. Rudnick
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
D. Rudnick
风动流的第一个理论是埃克曼的理论，他假定了均匀的涡粘性，并推导出以他的名字命名的速度螺旋。多年来，对风应力和海流的观测已经改进到可以量化上层海洋中的摩擦动量转移的程度。讨论了风动量的垂直结构和穿透以及动量转移的频率依赖性等问题。观测到的响应比理论上的Ekman螺线更接近于板状。穿透深度并不像Ekman理论预测的那样随频率变化，表明受到混合层的调节。风驱动动量在混合层底部下方穿透，进入以惯性切变为主的层结区域。
The first theory of wind-driven flow is that of Ekman, who assumed a uniform eddy viscosity and derived the velocity spiral that bears his name. Over the years, observations of wind stress and current have improved to the point that frictional momentum transfer in the upper ocean can be quantified. Observations of velocity spirals are reviewed to address such issues as the vertical structure and penetration of wind-driven momentum and the frequency dependence of momentum transfer. Observed response is more slab-like than the theoretical Ekman spiral. The penetration depth does not vary with frequency as Ekman theory predicts, suggesting regulation by the mixed layer. Wind-driven momentum penetrates beneath the mixed-layer base, into a stratified region dominated by inertial shear.