Impact of Modularity Decisions on a Firm’s Economic Objectives
Impact of Modularity Decisions on a Firm’s Economic Objectives
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模块化决策对公司经济目标的影响
DOI：
10.1115/1.4044914
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发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Lachmayer
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Krause;Windheim;Bursac;Lachmayer
产品系列模块化的研究揭示了模块化对公司的许多个体因果影响。受模块化产品结构影响的公司的不同活动显然会产生许多相互关联的积极和消极的经济影响。这使得构建模块化的经济商业案例变得困难，而其好处通常是减少间接成本。本文提出了一个基于文献的网络模型，说明模块化产品结构如何影响设计到制造生命周期阶段的公司经济。它显示了 (1) 模块化属性的变化如何导致 (2) 产品生命周期阶段内的不同影响，(3) 对公司产生经济影响。例如，模块化可以延长平台的开发时间，同时缩短产品变体的后续开发时间并降低制造成本。为了验证所提出的模型，行业专家通过标记在项目中经历和观察到的效果，将给定的效果链与九个案例研究模块化项目进行了比较。结果首先表明，在设计中，通用性的增加推动了组件的重用，从而降低了单位开发成本。其次，在采购方面，我们发现模块化程度的提高带来了更好的可预测性、更少的采购订单以及更好的采购条件，最终导致成本降低。第三，在生产中，人们发现，较少种类的组件允许较少的工艺多样性，从而导致更少且更优化的工艺，从而降低生产成本。我们将模块化的这些因果影响作为量化模块化经济影响的驱动因素。
Research in modularization of product families reveals numerous individual cause and effect impacts of modularity on a firm. There are clearly many interrelated positive and negative economic impacts arising from different activities of the firm impacted by the modular product structures. This makes the construction of an economic business case for modularity difficult, where often the benefits are reduced indirect costs. This paper presents a literature-based network model of how modular product structures affect firm’s economics across the design-to-manufacturing life cycle phases. It shows how (1) changes on modularity properties may lead to (2) different effects within the product’s life cycle phases that (3) have an economic impact on the firm. For instance, modularization can prolong development time of a platform, while shortening the subsequent development times of product variants and lowering manufacturing costs. To validate the proposed model, the given effect chains were compared by industrial experts against nine case study modularization projects by marking effects that were experienced and observed in their projects. The results first revealed that in design, an increase of commonality drove component reuse leading to lower development costs per unit. Second, in procurement, it was found that increased modularity caused better predictability, less purchasing orders, and better purchasing conditions that ultimately lead to lower costs. Third, in production, it was found that a smaller variety of components allowed less process variety, leading to fewer and more optimized processes and therefore lower production costs. We present these cause and effect impacts of modularity as drivers for quantifying the economic impact of modularity.
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DOI：
--
发表时间：
2002
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
P. Hansen;M. Andreasen;U. Harlou;Ebbe Gubi;N. Mortensen
通讯作者：
N. Mortensen
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2011
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
D. Krause;S. Eilmus
通讯作者：
S. Eilmus
产品模块化及其对服务和维护的影响
DOI：
--
发表时间：
1997
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
J. Gershenson;G. Prasad
通讯作者：
G. Prasad
模块化世界中的质量管理
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2006
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
Edward D. Arnheiter;H. Harren
通讯作者：
H. Harren
影响因子：
5.8
作者：
F. Salvador
通讯作者：
F. Salvador