Chimpanzees remember the results of one-by-one addition of food items to sets over extended time periods
Chimpanzees remember the results of one-by-one addition of food items to sets over extended time periods
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DOI：
10.1111/j.0963-7214.2004.01502004.x
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发表时间：
2004-02-01
影响因子：
8.2
通讯作者：
Beran, MM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Beran, MJ;Beran, MM
四只黑猩猩在20分钟内选择两个不透明容器中香蕉的两个并发累积中的较大者是高度准确的。一次一个，香蕉被放入黑猩猩笼子外面的容器中。黑猩猩从来没有看到一个以上的香蕉在同一时间，也没有线索表明香蕉的位置后，他们被放入容器。这些动物的表现与人类婴儿和幼儿在类似测试中的表现相匹配。即使要比较的数据集足够大（5对8，5对10，6对10），黑猩猩也能成功地进行比较，从而对黑猩猩使用目标文件机制的可能性产生怀疑。这些黑猩猩是第一个非人类的动物，证明了对累积数量的扩展记忆。
Four chimpanzees were highly accurate in selecting the larger of two concurrent accumulations of bananas in two opaque containers over a span of 20 min. One at a time, bananas were placed into the containers, which were outside the chimpanzees' cages. The chimpanzees never saw more than one banana at a time, and there were no cues indicating the locations of the bananas after they were placed into the containers. The performance of these animals matched that of human infants and young children in similar tests. The chimpanzees were successful even when the sets to be compared were sufficiently large (5 vs. 8, 5 vs. 10, and 6 vs. 10) to cast doubt on the possibility that the chimpanzees were using an object file mechanism. These chimpanzees are the first nonhuman animals to demonstrate extended memory for accumulated quantity.