Vesiculated tuffs and associated features
Vesiculated tuffs and associated features
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多孔凝灰岩及相关特征
DOI：
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发表时间：
1974
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
V. Lorenz
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
V. Lorenz
多孔凝灰岩是灰分颗粒之间含有囊泡的凝灰岩。囊泡的形成是由于火山基底涌流的输送剂——蒸汽被困在基底涌流沉积的潮湿、泥泞或粘性灰烬中的结果。欧洲（冰岛、法国、德国）和美国的各种玛尔和凝灰岩环以及相关的表面特征（例如：重力流波纹、泥浆流通道、水流波纹和水流脊）描述了多孔凝灰岩。所描述的其他特征是：在障碍物上涂抹灰烬和有囊泡的增生火山灰，后者的外层含有囊泡。
多孔的基底涌流沉积物可能含有多达 20-30% 的间隙水，并且由于非自由流动和随后的吸积而从基底涌流云中大量掉落。
Vesiculated tuffs are tuffs that contain vesicles between the ash particles. Formation of the vesicles is the result of trapping of steam, the transporting agent of volcanic base surges, in wet, muddy or sticky ash deposited by the base surges. Vesiculated tuffs are described from various maars and tuff-rings in Europe (Iceland, France, Germany) and USA together with associated surface features such as: gravity flowage ripples, mud flow channels, current ripples, and current ridges. Other features described are: plastering of ash against obstacles and vesiculated accretionary lapilli, the latter containing vesicles in the outer layer.
Vesiculated base surge deposits probably contained as much as 20–30% of interstitial water and fell out of the base surge clouds en masse owing to non-free flow and consequent accretion.