Interactions between zoo‐housed great apes and local wildlife
Interactions between zoo‐housed great apes and local wildlife
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动物园饲养的类人猿与当地野生动物之间的互动
DOI：
10.1002/ajp.20675
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发表时间：
2009
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
E. Lonsdorf
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. R. Ross;A. Holmes;E. Lonsdorf
虽然有野生黑猩猩、倭黑猩猩和猩猩狩猎和食用脊椎动物猎物的报道，但有关圈养猿类的数据仍然很少。在这项基于调查的研究中，我们评估了圈养类人猿与北美各种土著野生动物物种之间相互作用的普遍性和性质。我们有三个假设：（a）饲养黑猩猩的设施将报告与当地野生动物最频繁和最具攻击性的互动;（B）饲养猩猩和倭黑猩猩的设施将报告这些互动的中等频率，攻击和杀戮水平较低;（c）饲养大猩猩的设施将报告互动的最低频率，没有杀害当地野生动物的报告。黑猩猩和倭黑猩猩对野生动物表现出最具攻击性的行为，这与我们对黑猩猩的预测相符，但倭黑猩猩却不是。这与基于黑猩猩在野外狩猎和消费猎物的自然历史对黑猩猩的期望非常吻合，也支持了关于倭黑猩猩的新的野外数据。据报道，圈养的大猩猩和红毛猩猩比黑猩猩和倭黑猩猩更不可能追逐、捕捉和杀死野生动物。大猩猩最不可能与当地野生动物进行攻击性互动，这与我们基于自然历史的预测相符。然而，与野生大猩猩不同的是，据报道，圈养大猩猩会杀死（在一种情况下，吃掉）当地的野生动物。这些结果表明，在圈养的猿类群体中看到的一些行为模式可能有助于模拟野外可能不容易观察和量化的相应活动。此外，这些数据突出了在一些圈养环境中疾病传播的可能性，我们概述了对猿类健康和安全的相关影响。Am. J. Primatol. 71：458-465，2009.© 2009 Wiley利斯公司
Although there are published reports of wild chimpanzees, bonobos, and orangutans hunting and consuming vertebrate prey, data pertaining to captive apes remain sparse. In this survey‐based study, we evaluate the prevalence and nature of interactions between captive great apes and various indigenous wildlife species that range into their enclosures in North America. Our hypotheses were threefold: (a) facilities housing chimpanzees will report the most frequent and most aggressive interactions with local wildlife; (b) facilities housing orangutans and bonobos will report intermediate frequencies of these interactions with low levels of aggression and killing; and (c) facilities housing gorillas will report the lowest frequency of interactions and no reports of killing local wildlife. Chimpanzees and bonobos demonstrated the most aggressive behavior toward wildlife, which matched our predictions for chimpanzees, but not bonobos. This fits well with expectations for chimpanzees based on their natural history of hunting and consuming prey in wild settings, and also supports new field data on bonobos. Captive gorillas and orangutans were reported to be much less likely to chase, catch and kill wildlife than chimpanzees and bonobos. Gorillas were the least likely to engage in aggressive interactions with local wildlife, matching our predictions based on natural history. However unlike wild gorillas, captive gorillas were reported to kill (and in one case, eat) local wildlife. These results suggest that some behavioral patterns seen in captive groups of apes may be useful for modeling corresponding activities in the wild that may not be as easily observed and quantified. Furthermore, the data highlight the potential for disease transmission in some captive settings, and we outline the associated implications for ape health and safety. Am. J. Primatol. 71:458–465, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Hirata, S.：“在几内亚博苏，野生黑猩猩 (Pan troglodytes) 捕获并玩弄蹄兔 (Dendrohyrax dorsalis)”《美国灵长类动物学杂志》。
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Ihobe，H.：“野生侏儒黑猩猩（Pan paniscus）和红疣猴（Colobus badius）之间的种间相互作用”
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