Calibration of a spatial simulation model with volunteered geographical information
Calibration of a spatial simulation model with volunteered geographical information
复制标题
利用自愿提供的地理信息校准空间模拟模型
DOI：
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发表时间：
2011
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
Richard Milton
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Birkin;N. Malleson;A. Hudson;Steven Gray;Richard Milton
对于许多科学学科来说，信息技术的持续发展增加了数据、计算和分析方法的可用性，包括模拟和可视化。地理信息科学也不例外。在这篇文章中，我们探讨了部署电子基础设施的可能性，为空间规划，分析和决策提供信息。我们描述了一个现有的架构，饲料静态和动态仿真模型从各种来源，不仅包括管理数据集，但也从人群中收获的在线态度和行为。该基础设施还支持可视化和计算密集型处理。本文的主要目的是说明如何使用众包数据校准空间模拟模型。我们介绍了一个例子，在英国的一个主要城市（曼彻斯特）的拥堵收费的流行态度收集，与宣传支持，从一个高知名度的媒体组织（英国广播公司）。这些数据被用来估计的参数的运输模拟模型，使用饥饿的估计程序，这是部署在一个高性能的计算网格。我们指出，如何将由此产生的模型可能被用来评估的影响，替代政策选项，以调节在曼彻斯特的交通。虽然程序本身是新颖的，我们认为，更大的可信度，可以通过纳入开源的模拟模型，并通过使用社交网络机制，更广泛地分享政策评估。
For many scientific disciplines, the continued progression of information technology has increased the availability of data, computation and analytical methodologies including simulation and visualisation. Geographical information science is no exception. In this article, we investigate the possibilities for deployment of e-infrastructures to inform spatial planning, analysis and policy-making. We describe an existing architecture that feeds both static and dynamic simulation models from a variety of sources, including not only administrative datasets but also attitudes and behaviours which are harvested online from crowds. This infrastructure also supports visualisation and computationally intensive processing. The main aim of this article is to illustrate how spatial simulation models can be calibrated with crowd-sourced data. We introduce an example in which popular attitudes to congestion charging in a major UK city (Manchester) were collected, with promotional support from a high-profile media organisation (the BBC). These data are used to estimate the parameters of a transport simulation model, using a hungry estimation procedure which is deployed within a high-performance computational grid. We indicate how the resulting model might be used to evaluate the impact of alternative policy options for regulating the traffic in Manchester. Whilst the procedure is novel in itself, we argue that greater credibility could be added by the incorporation of open-source simulation models and by the use of social networking mechanisms to share policy evaluations much more widely.