Conservation in the face of ambivalent public perceptions - The case of peatlands as 'the good, the bad and the ugly'
Conservation in the face of ambivalent public perceptions - The case of peatlands as 'the good, the bad and the ugly'
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DOI：
10.1016/j.biocon.2016.12.022
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发表时间：
2017-02-01
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Novo, Paula
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Byg, Anja;Martin-Ortega, Julia;Novo, Paula
如今，大多数保护工作都认识到，如果保护工作要取得长期成功，就需要公众的参与。一种常见的方法是尝试教育公众为什么应该关心。然而，信息宣传活动往往无法有效改变观点，更不用说改变行为了。在本文中，我们尝试在了解人们的动机、感知以及与自然的关系的基础上为替代方法奠定基础。通过焦点小组，我们研究了苏格兰泥炭地的案例，作为生态系统的一个例子，该生态系统目前是许多保护和恢复举措的焦点，但被视为“有问题”，因为那些主张保护泥炭地的人认为公众不关心泥炭地。我们的研究结果表明，人们对泥炭地的看法是矛盾的、多方面的，从隐喻的角度来说，它们可以同时被理解为好、坏和丑陋：它们可以被视为荒凉的荒地；美丽、野生的自然和人文景观。对泥炭地等生态系统的多重和矛盾的看法似乎不一定源于缺乏知识，而是与生物物理特征、历史、不同用途之间的权衡以及个人与自然关系的差异有关。为了确保保护的长期成功，了解和管理公众对或多或少的荒野景观的不同和矛盾的看法和态度至关重要。许多从业者现在已经开始接受并管理这样一个事实：支撑生态系统恢复的生物物理过程的结果存在不确定性。现在有必要承认人类的矛盾心理并找到处理它的机制。这应该成为保护实践的新支柱之一。 (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. 保留所有权利。
Most conservation efforts today recognise the need to involve the public if conservation is to succeed in the longterm. A common approach has been to try to educate the public on why they should care. However, information campaigns are often not effective in changing opinions, let alone behaviour. In this paper, we try establishing the basis for alternative approaches based on understanding people's motivations, perceptions and relationship with nature. Using focus groups, we look at the case of peatlands in Scotland, as an example of an ecosyStem which is currently the focus of many conservation and restoration initiatives while seen as 'problematic' in the sense that those advocating its conservation assume that the general public does not care about peatlands. Our results show that perceptions of peatlands are ambivalent and many-facetted, and that they can be understood, metaphorically speaking, as good, bad and ugly at the same time: they can be seen as bleak wastelands; beautiful, wild nature and cultural landscape. The multiple and ambivalent Views of ecosystems such as peatlands seem not to stem necessarily from lack of knowledge, but to be linked to biophysical characteristics, history, trade-offs between different uses and differences in personal relationships with nature. To ensure the long-term success of conservation, it is vital to understand and manage the public's different and ambivalent views about and attitudes towards landscapes of a greater or lesser degree of wilderness. Many practitioners have now come to accept and manage the fact that there is uncertainty in relation to the outcomes of the biophysical processes underpinning ecosystem restoration. It is now necessary to acknowledge human ambivalence and to find mechanisms for dealing with it. This should become one of the new pillars of conservation practice. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.