Electrical stimulation restores the specificity of sensory axon regeneration
Electrical stimulation restores the specificity of sensory axon regeneration
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DOI：
10.1016/j.expneurol.2005.02.007
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发表时间：
2005-07-01
影响因子：
5.3
通讯作者：
Gordon, T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brushart, TM;Jari, R;Gordon, T
神经修复时的电刺激促进运动神经元重新神经支配通向肌肉的适当通路[Al-Majed，A.A.，Neumann，C.M.，Brushart，T. M.，戈登，T.，2000.短暂的电刺激促进运动轴突再生的速度和准确性。神经科学杂志20，2602-2608]并刺激感觉神经元再生[Geremia，N.M.，戈登，T.，Al-Majed，A.A.，Brushart，T. M.，Verge，V.M.，2002，短暂电刺激促进感觉纤维再生到股神经的皮肤和肌肉分支。Neurosci.摘要535.14]。本实验研究了电刺激对感觉轴突再生特异性的影响。未手术的大鼠股皮分支由比肌肉分支多2-3倍的DRG神经元服务[Brushart，T.M.，1988.通过再生运动轴突优先支配运动神经。神经科学杂志8，1026- 1031]。在股动脉干横断和修复后，相同数量的DRG神经元投射到两个分支。然而，1小时的电刺激恢复了重新支配皮肤和肌肉的DRG神经元的正常比例。要问刺激神经元的重新分布的结果，从增强的特异性目标神经再支配，我们开发了一种新的技术，连续双标记。投射到股肌分支的DRG神经元在神经近端横断前2周用Fluoro Gold预标记，并用或不用1小时的20-Hz电刺激修复。修复后3周，用Fluororuby对肌神经进行第二次标记。再生神经元的百分比，最初服务于肌肉和神经修复后返回肌肉从40%没有刺激增加到75%的刺激。因此，电刺激极大地改变了再生感觉轴突的分布，用组织特异性靶点的选择性神经再支配取代了正常的随机行为。如果发现电刺激引起的增强的再生特异性在大型动物模型中改善功能，则这种方便且安全的技术可能是临床神经修复的有用辅助手段。(c)2005年爱思唯尔公司All rights reserved.
Electrical stimulation at the time of nerve repair promotes motoneurons to reinnervate appropriate pathways leading to muscle [Al-Majed, A.A., Neumann, C.M., Brushart, T.M., Gordon, T., 2000. Brief electrical stimulation promotes the speed and accuracy of motor axonal regeneration. J. Neurosci. 20, 2602-2608] and stimulates sensory neurons to regenerate [Geremia, N.M., Gordon, T., Al-Majed, A.A., Brushart, T.M., Verge, V.M., 2002, Brief electrical stimulation promotes regeneration of sensory fibers into cutaneous and muscle branches of femoral nerve. Neurosci. Abstr. 535.14]. The present experiments examine the effects of electrical stimulation on the specificity of sensory axon regeneration. The unoperated rat femoral cutaneous branch is served by 2-3 times more DRG neurons than is the muscle branch [Brushart, T.M., 1988. Preferential reinnervation of motor nerves by regenerating motor axons. J. Neurosci. 8, 1026-103 1]. After transection and repair of the femoral trunk, equal numbers of DRG neurons project to both branches. However, I h of electrical stimulation restores the normal proportion of DRG neurons reinnervating skin and muscle. To ask if the redistribution of stimulated neurons results from enhanced specificity of target reinnervation, we developed a new technique of sequential double labeling. DRG neurons projecting to the femoral Muscle branch were prelabeled with Fluoro Gold 2 weeks before the nerve was transected proximally and repaired with or without 1 h of 20-Hz electrical stimulation. Three weeks after repair, the muscle nerve was labeled a second time with Fluororuby. The percentage of regenerating neurons that both originally served muscle and returned to muscle after nerve repair increased from 40% without stimulation to 75% with stimulation. Electrical stimulation thus dramatically alters the distribution of regenerating sensory axons, replacing normally random behavior with selective reinnervation of tissue-specific targets. If the enhanced regeneration specificity resulting from electrical stimulation is found to improve function in a large animal model, this convenient and safe technique may be a useful adjunct to clinical nerve repair. (c) 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.