Dynamics and 2D temperature distribution of plasma obtained by femtosecond laser-induced breakdown

Dynamics and 2D temperature distribution of plasma obtained by femtosecond laser-induced breakdown
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飞秒激光诱导击穿等离子体的动力学和二维温度分布

DOI:
10.1088/1361-6463/ac42f8
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发表时间:
2021
期刊:
Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Martin Rudolph
Martin Rudolph
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Afaque M. Hossain;Martin Ehrhardt;Martin Rudolph

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最近,通过在气体中聚焦飞秒激光产生的等离子体已被引入作为材料加工中的蚀刻工具。在此应用中正确控制等离子体需要正确理解等离子体的不同形态特征。在这篇文章中,我们表明,在空气中产生的等离子体经历了形态发展的几个阶段——从椭圆体到球形再到环形等离子体,而在氩气中,观察到椭圆体等离子体的轴向压缩。为了解释这种差异,我们通过发射光谱(使用维恩近似的普朗克分析)量化了温度。温度的演变显示出时间上的三重指数依赖性,这可以与等离子体形态变化的不同阶段相关。使用实验确定的温度值进行的开源现场操作和操纵模拟表明:(i)反向压力梯度径向向内传播,压缩空气和氩气中的等离子体,并在中心形成局部高压区,在空气中产生二次压力波,但在氩气中不产生二次压力波,以及(ii)由于 Richtmyer-Meshkov 不稳定性而产生的斜压扭矩主导空气中的涡度率,而流动的影响压缩性和速度梯度主导着氩气中的涡流。对等离子体形成的初始状态和后续阶段的动力学的了解可用于控制和优化激光诱导等离子体应用。
Recently, plasma produced by focusing femtosecond laser in gases has been introduced as an etching tool in materials processing. Proper control of the plasma in this application necessitates the apt understanding of the different morphological features of the plasma. In this contribution we show that, the plasma produced in air goes through several stages of morphological development–from ellipsoidal to spherical to toroidal plasma, whereas in argon, axial compression of an ellipsoidal plasma is observed. To explain this dissimilarity, we have quantified the temperature by emission spectroscopy (Planck analysis with Wien's approximation). The evolution of temperature shows a triple exponential dependence in time which can be correlated with different stages of morphological changes of the plasma. Open Source Field Operation and Manipulation simulations using experimentally determined temperature values show that—(i) the reverse pressure gradient propagates radially inwards and compresses the plasma in both air and argon and forms a localized high pressure zone at the center that generates a secondary pressure wave in air, but not in argon, and (ii) the baroclinic torque that is generated because of the Richtmyer–Meshkov instability, dominates the rate of vorticity in air, whereas effects of flow compressibility and velocity gradients dominate the vortices in argon. Knowledge of the initial state and the dynamics of the subsequent stages of the plasma formation can be utilized for control and optimization of laser-induced plasma applications.
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