Long-term use of green manure legume and chemical fertiliser affect soil bacterial community structures but not the rate of soil nitrate decrease when excess carbon and nitrogen are applied
Long-term use of green manure legume and chemical fertiliser affect soil bacterial community structures but not the rate of soil nitrate decrease when excess carbon and nitrogen are applied
复制标题
DOI：
10.1071/sr17109
复制
发表时间：
2017-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.6
通讯作者：
Uchida, Yoshitaka
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Toda, Misato;Uchida, Yoshitaka
豆科植物不仅向土壤中添加氮（N），而且还添加碳（C），因此它们对土壤微生物群落的影响可能与化学肥料不同。土壤微生物通常与植物竞争氮时，过量的C是由于其增加的N固定潜力和反硝化作用。在本研究中，我们评估了9年使用的绿色粪肥豆科植物（毛豌豆，毛野豌豆）在温室番茄系统对土壤微生物群落结构的影响，以及对硝酸盐的减少时，稻草被纳入土壤。土壤微生物群落结构及其多样性改变了长期使用豆类。酸性细菌、芽单胞菌和变形菌的比例在毛豌豆土壤中增加。硝酸盐的减少率是相似的，在土壤中的历史化肥和毛箭舌豌豆，除了稻草。此外，在添加稻草的培养过程中，两种土壤微生物群落结构之间的差异在2周内变得不那么明显。因此，我们的结论是，即使种植绿色粪肥豆科植物改变土壤细菌群落结构，这并没有导致相对较快的损失时，水稻秸秆添加到土壤中的植物有效氮。
Legumes add not only nitrogen (N), but also carbon (C) to soils, so their effects on the soil microbial community may be different from those of chemical fertiliser. Soil microbes often compete with plants for N when excess C is applied due to their increased N immobilisation potentials and denitrification. In the present study we evaluated the effects of the 9-year use of a green manure legume (hairy vetch; Vicia villosa) in a greenhouse tomato system on soil microbial community structures as well as on the decrease of nitrate when rice straw was incorporated into the soil. Soil microbial community structures and their diversity were altered by the long-term use of legumes. The ratios of Acidobacteria, Gemmatimonadetes and Proteobacteria increased in the hairy vetch soils. The rates of decrease in nitrate were similar in soils with a history of chemical fertiliser and hairy vetch, following the addition of rice straw. In addition, during incubation with added rice straw, the difference between the two soil microbial community structures became less clear within 2 weeks. Thus, we conclude that even though growing a green manure legume changed soil bacterial community structures, this did not result in relatively faster loss of available N for plants when rice straw was added to the soils.