A critical evaluation of nanopesticides and nanofertilizers against their conventional analogues
A critical evaluation of nanopesticides and nanofertilizers against their conventional analogues
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DOI：
10.1038/s41565-018-0131-1
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发表时间：
2018-08-01
影响因子：
38.3
通讯作者：
Bucheli, Thomas Daniel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kah, Melanie;Kookana, Rai Singh;Bucheli, Thomas Daniel
在纳米技术在农业中的广泛应用中，人们对开发新型纳米农用化学品特别感兴趣。虽然有些人对新产品的风险状况有所改变表示担忧，但许多人预见到以可持续的方式支持全球粮食生产必要增长的巨大潜力。对纳米农用化学品与传统类似物的关键评估对于评估相关的利益和风险至关重要。在这项评估中，对最近的文献进行了批判性分析，以确定纳米农用化学品与传统产品的不同程度。我们的分析基于78篇已发表的论文，结果显示，与传统产品相比，其疗效的中位数增益约为20-30%。农用化学品的环境命运可以通过纳米配方改变，但是这种改变不一定会减少对环境的影响。许多研究缺乏纳米特异性的质量保证和适当的控制。目前，文献中还没有对纳米农药在田间条件下的药效和环境影响进行综合评价的研究。这是一个关键的知识缺口，因此需要更多的工作来对纳米农用化学品相对于现有产品所代表的利益和新风险进行合理的评估。
Among a wide range of possible applications of nanotechnology in agriculture, there has been a particular interest in developing novel nanoagrochemicals. While some concerns have been expressed regarding altered risk profile of the new products, many foresee a great potential to support the necessary increase in global food production in a sustainable way. A critical evaluation of nanoagrochemicals against conventional analogues is essential to assess the associated benefits and risks. In this assessment, recent literature was critically analysed to determine the extent to which nanoagrochemicals differ from conventional products. Our analysis was based on 78 published papers and shows that median gain in efficacy relative to conventional products is about 20-30%. Environmental fate of agrochemicals can be altered by nanoformulations, but changes may not necessarily translate in a reduction of the environmental impact. Many studies lacked nano-specific quality assurance and adequate controls. Currently, there is no comprehensive study in the literature that evaluates efficacy and environmental impact of nanoagrochemicals under field conditions. This is a crucial knowledge gap and more work will thus be necessary for a sound evaluation of the benefits and new risks that nanoagrochemicals represent relative to existing products.