Multi-state outbreaks of acute gastroenteritis traced to fecal-contaminated oysters harvested in Louisiana
Multi-state outbreaks of acute gastroenteritis traced to fecal-contaminated oysters harvested in Louisiana
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DOI：
10.1086/315581
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发表时间：
2000-05-01
影响因子：
6.4
通讯作者：
McFarland, LM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Berg, DE;Kohn, MA;McFarland, LM
诺瓦克样病毒（NLV），或小圆结构病毒，已知会导致与食用受污染贝类有关的急性胃肠炎。1993年至1996年，路易斯安那州发生了三起由NLV引起的牡蛎相关胃肠炎疫情。密集的追溯和环境调查显示，在至少两次爆发中，牡蛎捕捞者将污水排放到牡蛎养殖场沃茨是最可能的污染源。NLV的小感染剂量、粪便中大量的病毒颗粒以及牡蛎浓缩病毒颗粒的能力表明，除非制定强有力的控制措施，否则与牡蛎相关的疫情将继续发生。如果要防止今后爆发，就必须努力制止在牡蛎收获沃茨不适当地排放污水，包括向船外排放污水。
Norwalk-like viruses (NLVs), or small round structured viruses, are known to cause acute gastroenteritis associated with eating contaminated shellfish. Between 1993 and 1996, three oyster-related gastroenteritis outbreaks attributed to NLV occurred in Louisiana. Intensive trace-back and environmental investigations revealed that the overboard disposal of sewage by oyster harvesters into oyster-bed waters was the most likely source of contamination in at least two of the outbreaks. The small infectious dose of NLV, the large quantity of virus particles in stool, and the ability of oysters to concentrate virus particles suggest that oster-related outbreaks will continue unless strong control measures are established. Efforts to halt improper sewage disposal in oyster-harvesting waters, including overboard sewage discharge, must be undertaken if future outbreaks are to be prevented.