The ecology of human?nature interactions
The ecology of human?nature interactions
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人与自然相互作用的生态学
DOI：
10.1098/rspb.2019.1882
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Gaston Kevin J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Soga Masashi;Gaston Kevin J.
人与自然之间的直接互动在许多方面都至关重要，尤其是对它们对人类健康和福祉的影响(无论是积极的还是消极的)，对人们对自然的态度和行为，以及对野生动物的好处和危害。越来越多的证据基础正在加速理解这些人与自然的直接互动所采取的不同形式，新颖的分析正在揭示个人机会和取向作为这些互动的关键驱动因素的重要性，方法的发展越来越明显地表明它们的空间、时间和社会经济动态。在这里，我们提供了这些进展的路线图，并确定了关键的、往往是跨学科的研究挑战，这些挑战仍然有待解决。我们确定了几个关键挑战，包括需要描述人在其生命过程中的自然互动的特征，以可比较的方式确定这些互动在迄今已探索的更加多样化的地理、文化和社会经济背景下如何变化，以及量化人们的机会和取向在塑造其自然互动方面的相对贡献如何变化。一项强有力的研究努力，以对这些悬而未决的问题的关注为指导，有可能对人与自然相互作用的根本性质产生高度影响的见解，并有助于制定适当管理战略。
The direct interactions between people and nature are critically important in many ways, with growing attention particularly on their impacts on human health and wellbeing (both positive and negative), on people's attitudes and behaviour towards nature, and on the benefits and hazards to wildlife. A growing evidence base is accelerating the understanding of different forms that these direct human–nature interactions take, novel analyses are revealing the importance of the opportunity and orientation of individual people as key drivers of these interactions, and methodological developments are increasingly making apparent their spatial, temporal and socio-economic dynamics. Here, we provide a roadmap of these advances and identify key, often interdisciplinary, research challenges that remain to be met. We identified several key challenges, including the need to characterize individual people's nature interactions through their life course, to determine in a comparable fashion how these interactions vary across much more diverse geographical, cultural and socio-economic contexts that have been explored to date, and to quantify how the relative contributions of people's opportunity and orientation vary in shaping their nature interactions. A robust research effort, guided by a focus on such unanswered questions, has the potential to yield high-impact insights into the fundamental nature of human–nature interactions and contribute to developing strategies for their appropriate management.